As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 10, 2023.

Registration No. 333-269456

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

POST-EFFECTIVE

AMENDMENT NO. 2

to

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

 

Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

 

Delaware		7389		88-3599336
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

 

90 Aviation Lane

Belgrade, MT 59714

(406) 813-0079

(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

 

 

James Muchmore

Chief Legal Officer

90 Aviation Lane

Belgrade, MT 59714

(406) 813-0079

(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)

 

 

Copies to:

Michael P. Heinz

Sidley Austin LLP

One South Dearborn Street

Chicago, IL 60603

(312) 853-7000

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, please check the following box.  ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

 

Large accelerated filer		☐		Accelerated filer		☐
Non-accelerated filer		☒		Smaller reporting company		☒
				Emerging growth company		☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), filed a Registration Statement on Form S-1 on January 30, 2023, as amended on February 8, 2023, which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 13, 2023 (as amended, the “Registration Statement”). The Company filed a Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on March 24, 2023, which was declared effective by the SEC on April 3, 2023 (the “Post-Effective Amendment No. 1”). Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 was filed to update the Registration Statement to include information contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, which was filed with the SEC on March 20, 2023, and to update certain other information in the Registration Statement. This Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement (“Post-Effective Amendment No. 2”) is being filed to update certain other information in the Registration Statement.

Jack Creek Investment Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“JCIC”), had recognized a liability upon closing of their initial public offering in January 2021 for a portion of the underwriters’ commissions which was contingently payable upon closing of a future business combination, with the offsetting entry resulting in an initial discount to the securities sold in the initial public offering. In July 2022, one of the underwriters waived all claims to its portion of the deferred commissions in connection with its role as underwriter in the initial public offering. In addition, in November 2022, another underwriter partially waived its claims to its portion of such deferred commissions.

JCIC recognized the partial waiver as an extinguishment, with a resulting non-operating gain recognized in its statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022. Upon subsequent review and analysis, the Company’s management concluded that JCIC should have recognized the extinguishment of the contingent liability as a credit to stockholders’ deficit. Therefore, the Company’s management concluded that JCIC’s previously issued audited financial statements as of December 31, 2022 should no longer be relied upon and that it is appropriate to amend and restate such financial statements. As such, JCIC has amended and restated its financial statements in this Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 for the JCIC audited financial statements included in the Post-Effective Amendment No. 1.

The Company is filing this Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to include updated financial statements to give effect to the change in accounting for the waiver as disclosed in Post-Effective Amendment No. 1.

The change in accounting for the liability extinguishment did not have any impact on JCIC or the Company’s liquidity, cash flows, costs of operations in the period for which disclosure is provided in this filing. The change in accounting for the liability extinguishment does not impact the amounts previously reported for JCIC or the Company’s cash, investments held in the trust account, operating expenses or total cash flows from operations for the affected period.

This Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 should be read in conjunction with Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 and with the Company’s other filings with the SEC subsequent to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1.

No additional securities are being registered under this Post-Effective Amendment No 2. All applicable registration fees were paid at the time of the original filing of the Registration Statement.

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. Neither we nor the selling securityholders may sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED APRIL 10, 2023

Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc.

120,277,192 Shares of Common Stock

Up to 26,650,000 Shares of Common Stock Issuable Upon

Exercise of the Warrants

Up to 9,400,000 Warrants

This prospectus relates to the offer and sale from time to time by the selling securityholders named in this prospectus (the “Selling Holders”), or their permitted transferees, of (a) up to 120,277,192 shares of our common stock, $0.0001 par value (“Common Stock” ), consisting of (i) up to 102,322,388 shares of Common Stock (the “Legacy Bridger Consideration Shares”) issued or issuable to the direct and indirect equityholders of Legacy Bridger (as defined herein) in connection with the Business Combination (as defined herein) at an implied equity consideration value of $10.00 per share of Common Stock, inclusive of up to 63,240,644 shares of Common Stock that may be issuable upon the conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock (as defined herein); (ii) up to 5,951,615 shares of Common Stock issuable to the holders of certain restricted stock units (the “D&O RSUs Shares”) that were issued by Legacy Bridger and assumed by us in connection with the closing (the “Closing”) of the Business Combination, which were granted at no cost to the recipients thereof; (iii) up to 2,488,189 shares of Common Stock (the “Founder Shares”) that were originally issued in a private placement to JCIC Sponsor (as defined herein) prior to the JCIC IPO (as defined herein) (75,000 of which were subsequently transferred by the JCIC Sponsor to independent directors of JCIC), which were acquired at a purchase price equivalent to approximately $0.003 per share; (iv) up to 115,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Note Shares”) originally issued at the Closing to JCIC Sponsor in full consideration of the outstanding $1,150,000 loan balance under the Promissory Note (as defined herein) for an equivalent purchase price of $10.00 per share; and (v) up to 9,400,000 shares of Common Stock (the “PPW Shares”) issuable upon the exercise, at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, of the private placement warrants originally issued in connection with the JCIC IPO (the “Private Placement Warrants”) and (b) up to 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants originally acquired by JCIC Sponsor in connection with the JCIC IPO for $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant.

We are registering the securities for resale pursuant to the Selling Holders’ registration rights under certain agreements between us and the Selling Holders, as applicable to each Selling Holder. Our registration of the securities covered by this prospectus does not mean that the Selling Holders will offer or sell any of the securities. The Selling Holders may offer, sell or distribute all or a portion of their shares of Common Stock or Private Placement Warrants publicly or through private transactions at prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. We will not receive any of the proceeds from any resale of the Common Stock or the Warrants being offered for resale in this prospectus (the “Resale Securities”).

We provide more information about how the Selling Holders may sell their securities the section of this prospectus entitled “Plan of Distribution.” We have agreed to bear all of the expenses incurred in connection with the registration of these securities. The Selling Holders will pay or assume underwriting fees, discounts and commissions or similar charges, if any, incurred in the sale of securities by them.

This prospectus also relates to the issuance by us of up to an aggregate of 26,650,000 shares of Common Stock that may be issued upon exercise of the Warrants (as defined herein). We would receive the proceeds from any exercise of any Warrants for cash, and we could receive up to an aggregate of approximately $306.5 million from the exercise of the Warrants, assuming the exercise in full of all of the Warrants for cash. The Warrants include 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants and 17,250,000 Public Warrants, each of which has an exercise price of $11.50 per share of Common Stock. We believe the likelihood that Warrant Holders will exercise the Warrants, and therefore the amount of proceeds that we would receive from such exercises, depends on the trading price of our Common Stock. On April 6, 2023, the closing price of our Common Stock was $4.58 per share. For so long as the market price of our Common Stock is below the exercise price of our Warrants ($11.50 per share), our Warrants remain “out-of-the-money,” and our Warrant Holders are unlikely to cash exercise their Warrants, resulting in little or no cash proceeds to us. There can be no assurance that our Warrants will be in the money prior to their January 24, 2028 expiration date, and therefore we may not receive any proceeds from the exercise of Warrants to fund our operations. We expect to use any net proceeds received from the exercise of the Warrants for general corporate purposes. See the section of this prospectus entitled “Use of Proceeds.” To the extent that any of the Warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” we will not receive any proceeds upon such exercise.

We may amend or supplement this prospectus from time to time by filing amendments or supplements as required.

Our Common Stock and the Warrants are listed on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols “BAER” and “BAERW,” respectively. On April 6, 2023, the closing price of Common Stock was $4.58 per share and the closing price of the Warrants was $0.163 per warrant.

The Resale Securities represent a substantial percentage of the total outstanding shares of our Common Stock as of the date of this prospectus. The shares of Common Stock that the Selling Holders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus is up to (a) 120,277,192 shares of Common Stock, constituting approximately 84.5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock and approximately 254.5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock held by non-affiliates (assuming, in each case, the exercise of all of our Warrants, the vesting and settlement of the outstanding restricted stock units, and the conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock) and (b) 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants constituting approximately 35.3% of our issued and outstanding Warrants. The sale of all the Resale Securities or the perception that these sales could occur, could result in a significant decline in the public trading price of our securities. Even if the current trading price of our Common Stock is at or significantly below $10 per share, the price at which the units were issued in the JCIC IPO, certain of the Selling Holders, including JCIC Sponsor, may have an incentive to sell because they will still profit on sales due to the lower price at which they purchased their shares compared to the public securityholders. See the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities—Future sales, or the perception of future sales, of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock, by us or our stockholders in the public market may cause the price of our Common Stock and Warrants to decline. The securities being offered for resale in this prospectus represent a substantial percentage of our outstanding Common Stock, and the sales of such securities, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline significantly.” Additionally, certain Selling Holders, including JCIC Sponsor, may experience a positive rate of return on the sale of their shares covered by this prospectus even if the market price per share of Common Stock is below $10.00 per share, while the public securityholders may not experience a similar rate of return on the securities they purchased due to differences in the purchase prices and the current trading price. See the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities—The Selling Holders can earn a positive return on their investment, even if other securityholders experience a negative rate of return on their investment in the post-Business Combination company.”

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” as those terms are defined under applicable federal securities laws, and as such, are subject to certain reduced public company reporting requirements.

AN INVESTMENT IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES SIGNIFICANT RISKS. YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE RISK FACTORS BEGINNING ON PAGE 8 OF THIS PROSPECTUS BEFORE YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION TO INVEST IN OUR SECURITIES.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is                 , 2023.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

		Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS			iii
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS			iv
FREQUENTLY USED TERMS			v
SUMMARY			1
RISK FACTORS			8
USE OF PROCEEDS			47
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE			48
MARKET INFORMATION FOR COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY			49
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION			51
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS			61
BUSINESS OF BRIDGER			81
MANAGEMENT			95
EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION			102
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS			106
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS			113
SELLING HOLDERS			116
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION			121
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES			124
SECURITIES ACT RESTRICTIONS ON RESALE OF SECURITIES			138
MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR HOLDERS			140
LEGAL MATTERS			146
EXPERTS			146
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION			146
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS			F-1

 

 

i

You should rely only on the information provided in this prospectus, as well as the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any amendment or supplement to this prospectus. Neither we nor the Selling Holders have authorized anyone to provide you with different information. Neither we nor the Selling Holders are making an offer of these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any amendment or supplement to this prospectus or information incorporated by reference into this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of the applicable document, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any amendment or supplement to this prospectus, as applicable, or any sale of the securities offered by this prospectus. Since the date of this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed.

 

ii

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-1 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) using the “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf registration process, the Selling Holders may, from time to time, sell the securities offered by them described in this prospectus through any means described in the section of this prospectus entitled “Plan of Distribution.” We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by such Selling Holders of the securities offered by them described in this prospectus. This prospectus also relates to the issuance by us of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of any Warrants. We will receive proceeds from any exercise of the Warrants for cash. We believe the likelihood that Warrant Holders will exercise their Warrants, and therefore the amount of cash proceeds that we would receive, is dependent upon the trading price of our shares of Common Stock. If the trading price for our shares of Common Stock is less than the exercise price of a warrant holder’s Warrants ($11.50 per share), we believe Warrant Holders will be unlikely to cash exercise their Warrants, resulting in little or no cash proceeds to us. See “Risk Factors–Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities–The price of our Common Stock may remain below $11.50 until expiration of the Warrant exercise period, and the Warrants may expire worthless and the terms of the Warrants may be amended in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 65% of the (i) then-outstanding Public Warrants and/or (ii) the then-outstanding Private Placement Warrants, as applicable, approve of such amendment.”

Neither we nor the Selling Holders have authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectuses prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. Neither we nor the Selling Holders take responsibility for and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. Neither we nor the Selling Holders will make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

We may also provide a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement to add information to, or update or change information contained in, this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in such prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any statement so superseded will not be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement together with the additional information to which we refer you in the section of this prospectus entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.”

The securities for resale under this prospectus were issued to the Selling Holders (as applicable to each) in accordance with the terms of, and transactions contemplated by, the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 3, 2022 (the “Merger Agreement” and the transactions contemplated therein, the “Business Combination”), by and among Jack Creek Investment Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (“JCIC”), Wildfire New PubCo, Inc., a Delaware corporation and direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of JCIC (“Bridger”), Wildfire Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Bridger, Wildfire Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Bridger, Wildfire Merger Sub III, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Bridger, Wildfire GP Sub IV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Bridger, BTOF (Grannus Feeder)—NQ L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Legacy Bridger”). The Business Combination was consummated on January 24, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), and Bridger became a publicly traded company, with JCIC and Legacy Bridger becoming wholly-owned subsidiaries of Bridger. On the Closing Date, Bridger changed its name to Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc.

Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this prospectus to the “Company,” “Bridger,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and similar terms refer to Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (formerly known as Wildfire New PubCo, Inc.), and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

iii

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements included in this prospectus are not historical facts but are forward-looking statements, including for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” “should,” “would,” “plan,” “project,” “forecast,” “predict,” “potential,” “seem,” “seek,” “future,” “outlook,” “target,” and similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, (1) references with respect to the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination; (2) references with respect to anticipated expansion of Bridger’s operations and increased deployment of Bridger’s aircraft fleet; (3) Bridger’s business plans and growth plans; (4) increases in the aerial firefighting market; (5) current and future potential commercial and customer relationships; and (6) anticipated investments in additional aircraft, capital resource, and research and development and the effect of these investments. These statements are based on various assumptions, whether or not identified in this prospectus, and on the current expectations of Bridger’s management and are not predictions of actual performance. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to serve as, and must not be relied on by any investor as, a guarantee, an assurance, a prediction or a definitive statement of fact or probability. Actual events and circumstances are difficult or impossible to predict and will differ from assumptions. Many actual events and circumstances are beyond the control of Bridger. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including: changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination; Bridger’s ability to successfully and timely develop, sell and expand its technology and products, and otherwise implement its growth strategy; risks relating to Bridger’s operations and business, including information technology (“IT”) and cybersecurity risks, loss of requisite licenses, flight safety risks, loss of key customers and deterioration in relationships between Bridger and its employees; risks related to increased competition; risks relating to potential disruption of current plans, operations and infrastructure of Bridger as a result of the consummation of the Business Combination; risks that Bridger is unable to secure or protect its intellectual property; risks that Bridger experiences difficulties managing its growth and expanding operations; the ability to compete with existing or new companies that could cause downward pressure on prices, fewer customer orders, reduced margins, the inability to take advantage of new business opportunities, and the loss of market share; the impact of the coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic; the ability to successfully select, execute or integrate future acquisitions into the business, which could result in material adverse effects to operations and financial conditions; and those factors discussed in the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors” contained in this prospectus. If any of these risks materialize or our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties above are not exhaustive, and there may be additional risks that Bridger presently does not know or that Bridger currently believes are immaterial that could also cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements. In addition, forward looking statements reflect Bridger’s expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this prospectus. Bridger anticipates that subsequent events and developments will cause Bridger’s assessments to change. However, while Bridger may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, Bridger specifically disclaims any obligation to do so. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing Bridger’s assessments as of any date subsequent to the date of this prospectus. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed upon the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus.

 

iv

FREQUENTLY USED TERMS

“Amended and Restated Bylaws” means the Amended and Restated Bylaws of Bridger, dated as of January 24, 2023.

“Amended and Restated Charter” means the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Bridger, dated as of January 24, 2023.

“Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 24, 2023, by and among Bridger, JCIC Sponsor, the BTO Stockholders and certain stockholders of Legacy Bridger.

“Available Sponsor Shares” means the number of JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares to be held by JCIC Sponsor immediately prior to Closing in accordance with the following calculation: (i) if the amount remaining in the Trust Account was less than or equal to $50,000,000, after deducting all amounts payable in respect of the JCIC Shareholder Redemption, 4,275,000 JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares and (ii) if the amount remaining in the Trust Account was greater than $50,000,000, after deducting all amounts payable in respect of the JCIC Shareholder Redemption, a number of JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares equal to (A) 8,550,000, multiplied by (B) (1) the amount remaining in the Trust Account after deducting all amounts payable in respect of the JCIC Shareholder Redemption, divided by (2) $100,000,000; provided, that in no event would the Available Sponsor Shares exceed 8,550,000 JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares.

“Board” means the Bridger Board of Directors.

“Blackstone” means Blackstone Inc.

“Blocker” means BTOF (Grannus Feeder) – NQ L.P., a Delaware limited partnership.

“Bridger Management Stockholders” means Debra Coleman, a Legacy Bridger director, Dean Heller, a Legacy Bridger director, and Darren Wilkins, Legacy Bridger’s Chief Operating Officer.

“BTO Stockholders” means certain direct and indirect equityholders of Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, LLC that are affiliates of Blackstone Inc.

“Cayman Constitutional Documents” means JCIC’s Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, as amended from time to time.

“Closing” means the closing of the Business Combination (as defined above).

“DGCL” means the Delaware General Corporation Law.

“Earnout Shares” means the 855,000 shares of Common Stock received by JCIC Sponsor as merger consideration that are subject to forfeiture, which amount shall be equal to twenty percent (20%) of the Available Sponsor Shares, as more fully described in the section of this prospectus entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions — Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions – JCIC — Sponsor Agreement.”

“Existing Warrant Agreement” means that certain Warrant Agreement, dated as of January 26, 2021, by and between JCIC and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

“Founder Stockholders” means the former direct and indirect equityholders of Bridger Element LLC.

“JCIC” means Jack Creek Investment Corp., a special purpose acquisition company which participated in the Business Combination with Bridger and Legacy Bridger”.

“JCIC Board” means the board of directors of JCIC.

 

v

“JCIC Class A Ordinary Share” means the JCIC’s Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share.

“JCIC IPO” means JCIC’s initial public offering, which was consummated on January 26, 2021.

“JCIC Shareholder Redemption” means the offer to redeem JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the approval of the Business Combination, as contemplated by the Cayman Constitutional Documents.

“JCIC Sponsor” means JCIC Sponsor LLC, a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.

“JCIC Sponsor Agreement” means that certain agreement, dated as of August 3, 2022, by and among JCIC, JCIC Sponsor, each of the officers and directors of JCIC (collectively, the “Sponsor Persons”) and Bridger.

“JCIC Units” means the 34,500,000 units originally issued and outstanding in connection with JCIC’s initial public offering, each of which originally consisted of one JCIC Class A Ordinary Share, and one-half of one redeemable warrant of JCIC, each whole warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one JCIC Class A Ordinary Share at an exercise price of $11.50 per share.

“JCIC Warrants” means the 26,650,000 warrants to purchase one JCIC Class A Ordinary Share at an exercise price of $11.50 originally issued in connection with JCIC’s initial public offering.

“Legacy Bridger Class A Common Shares” are to Class A common shares of Legacy Bridger, which were converted into Common Stock at the Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Class B Common Shares” are to Class B common shares of Legacy Bridger, which were converted into Common Stock at the Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Class C Common Shares” are to Class C common shares of Legacy Bridger, which were converted into Common Stock at the Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Class D Common Shares” are to Class D common shares of Legacy Bridger, which were converted into Common Stock at the Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Common Shares” are to Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D common shares of Legacy Bridger, which were converted into Common Stock at the Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Equityholders” means (a) the holders of Legacy Bridger’s equity immediately prior to the Closing Date, which include Founder Stockholders, Bridger Management Stockholders, BTO Stockholders, and Series C Shareholders, except for Blocker and (b) Blocker’s equityholders, collectively

“Legacy Bridger incentive units” are to Legacy Bridger Class D Common Shares, which were converted into Common Stock upon the Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Series A Preferred Shares” means Legacy Bridger Series A-1 Preferred Shares and Legacy Bridger Series A-2 Preferred Shares.

“Legacy Bridger Series A-1 Preferred Shares” means Series A-1 preferred shares of Legacy Bridger, which were fully redeemed prior to Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Series A-2 Preferred Shares” means Series A-2 preferred shares of Legacy Bridger, which were fully redeemed prior to Closing.

“Legacy Bridger Series B Preferred Shares” means Series B preferred shares of Legacy Bridger, which were fully redeemed prior to Closing.

 

vi

“Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares” means Series C preferred shares of Legacy Bridger, which were surrendered and exchanged into Bridger Series A Preferred Stock on a one-to-one basis in connection with the Business Combination.

“Omnibus Incentive Plan” means the Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc. 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan.

“Preferred Stock” means preferred stock of Bridger, par value $0.0001 per share.

“Private Placement Warrants” means the 9,400,000 warrants to purchase a share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, as further described the section of this prospectus entitled “Description of Securities — Warrants—Private Placement Warrants,” which were issued in exchange for the 9,400,000 JCIC Warrants originally purchased in a private placement by JCIC Sponsor at a purchase price of $1.00 per share contemporaneously with JCIC’s initial public offering.

“Promissory Note” means that certain Promissory Note, dated as of February 16, 2022, by and between JCIC Sponsor and JCIC.

“Public Warrants” means the 17,250,000 warrants to purchase a share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, as further described the section of this prospectus entitled “Description of Securities — Warrants—Public Warrants,” which were issued in exchange for the 17,250,000 JCIC Warrants originally issued as part of the units JCIC issued in its initial public offering.

“Rule 144” means Rule 144 under the Securities Act.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time.

“Selling Holders” means the persons listed in the tables contained in the section of this prospectus entitled “Selling Holders”, and the pledgees, donees, transferees, assignees, successors, designees and others who later come to hold any of the Selling Holders’ interest in the Common Stock or Private Placement Warrants other than through a public sale.

“Series 2021 Bond” means the Gallatin County municipal bond historically issued by Legacy Bridger and that has been fully settled with the issuance of Series 2022 Bonds.

“Series 2022 Bonds” means the Gallatin municipal bond issuances by Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, LLC totaling $160,000,000 of gross proceeds that closed in July and August 2022.

“Series A Preferred Stock” means the 1,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock that have the rights, powers, designations, preferences, and qualifications, limitations and restrictions set forth in Section 4.5 of the Amended and Restated Charter.

“Stockholders Agreement” means that certain agreement, dated January 24, 2023, by and among the Company, the Founder Stockholders and the BTO Stockholders.

“Super Scooper” means a Viking Air CL-415EAF.

“Transaction Agreements” means the Merger Agreement, JCIC Sponsor Agreement, the Stockholders Agreement and the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, in each case, including all annexes, exhibits, schedules, attachments and appendices thereto, and any certificate or other instrument delivered by any party to any other party pursuant to any of the foregoing.

“Trust Account” means the trust account that was established at the consummation of JCIC’s initial public offering and was maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, acting as trustee.

 

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“Trust Amount” means the amount of cash that was available in the Trust Account as of the Closing Date, after deducting the amount required to satisfy JCIC’s obligations to its shareholders that exercised their redemption rights.

“Warrant Agreement” means the Existing Warrant Agreement as assumed by the Company by virtue of the Warrant Assumption Agreement.

“Warrant Assumption Agreement” means the Warrant Assumption Agreement, dated January 24, 2023, by and among JCIC, the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

“Warrants” means the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants.

“Warrant Agent” means Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

“Warrant Holders” means the holders of the Warrants.

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves risks. Before you make a decision to buy our securities, in addition to the risks and uncertainties discussed above under “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” you should carefully consider the specific risks set forth herein. If any of these risks actually occur, it may materially harm our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. As a result, the market price of our securities could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. Additionally, the risks and uncertainties described in this prospectus or any amendment or supplement to this prospectus are not the only risks and uncertainties that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may become material and adversely affect our business. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “Bridger,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and other similar terms refer to the business of Legacy Bridger and its subsidiaries prior to the Business Combination and Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries following the Business Combination.

Aviation and Firefighting Risks

Our operation of aircraft involves a degree of inherent risk, and we could suffer losses and adverse publicity stemming from any accident, whether related to us or not, involving aircraft, helicopters, or commercial drones similar to the assets we use in our operations.

The operation of aircraft is subject to various risks, and demand for firefighting services, may in the future be impacted by accidents or other safety issues regardless of whether such accidents or issues involve Bridger flights, our aircraft operators, or aircraft flown by our aircraft operators. Air transportation hazards, such as adverse weather conditions and fire and mechanical failures, may result in death or injury to personnel and passengers which could impact client confidence in a particular aircraft type. Safety statistics for air travel are reported by multiple parties, including the Department of Transportation (the “DOT”) and National Transportation Safety Board, and are often separated into categories of transportation. Because our aerial firefighting services include a variety of aircraft, our clients may have a hard time determining how safe aerial firefighting services are, and their confidence in aerial firefighting may be impacted by, among other things, the classification of accidents in ways that reflect poorly on aerial firefighting services or the methods that aerial firefighting services utilize.

As the owners and operators of certain aircraft, including the CL-415EAFs, we believe that safety and reliability are two of the primary attributes that customers consider when selecting aerial firefighting services. Our failure to maintain standards of safety and reliability that are satisfactory to our customers may adversely impact our ability to retain current customers and attract new customers. We are at risk of adverse publicity stemming from any public incident involving our company, our people, or our brand. Such an incident could involve the actual or alleged behavior of any of our employees.

Increased accident history could bar us from certain contracts, thereby reducing demand for our services. Further, if our personnel or one of the aircraft models that is used by us is involved in a public incident, accident, catastrophe, or regulatory enforcement action, we could be exposed to significant reputational harm and potential legal liability. The insurance we carry may be inapplicable or inadequate to cover any such incident, accident, catastrophe, or action. In the event that our insurance is inapplicable or inadequate, we may be forced to bear substantial losses from an incident or accident. In addition, any such incident, accident, catastrophe, or action involving our employees or one of the aircraft models used by us could create an adverse public perception, which could harm our reputation, resulting in existing or potential customers being reluctant to use our services and adversely impacting our business, results of operations, and financial condition. If one or more of our operators were to suffer an accident or lose the ability to fly certain aircraft due to safety concerns or investigations, we may be required to cancel or delay certain aerial firefighting services until replacement aircraft and personnel are obtained.

Our operations may also be negatively impacted by accidents or other safety-related events or investigations that occur in or near the airports and the hangars we utilize for our aerial firefighting services. For example, if an

 

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accident were to occur at or near one of our hangars that rely on for certain flights, we may be unable to utilize that hangar until the accident has been cleared, any damages to the facilities have been repaired, and any insurance, regulatory, or other investigations have been completed. Similarly, an adverse safety event by a third-party with respect to the CL-415EAF or any of the other planes in our fleet could result in temporary or permanent bans on certain aircraft models by our current or future customers.

Our business is inherently risky in that it is fighting wildfires which are powerful and unpredictable.

The performance of our services necessitates that we interact with wildfires. Wildfires can be massively unpredictable, and while we have implemented safety protocols and systems, these protocols and systems cannot eliminate the risk of accidents. Further, to effectively fight fires, flight operations often require low-level flights and involve performing services in mountainous terrain, both of which increase the risks involved with our services. To protect against these dangers, we may be required to incur more expenses and/or implement time-consuming safety protocols and systems, which could cause our expenses to be higher than anticipated. We may also be more likely to experience an adverse safety event.

The unavailability of an aircraft due to loss, delayed delivery of new aircraft, maintenance failure, lack of pilots or mechanical personnel, especially one of the Viking Air CL-415EAFs (a Super Scooper), would result in lower operating revenues for us for a period of time that cannot be determined and would likely be prolonged.

Aircraft loss for any reason could impact our ability to provide services. Short- or long-term unavailability of an aircraft may also result from an aging fleet or parts obsolescence. Replacement aircraft or replacement parts may not be available or only available with significant delays.

Our revenues are disproportionately derived from the services of our six Super Scoopers. The unavailability of one or more of our Super Scoopers could result in a significant reduction in our revenues and adversely affect our results of operations. For example, in 2022, we experienced a delay with the delivery of our fifth and sixth Super Scooper aircraft and two Unmanned Aerial Systems (“UAS”) drones. We originally expected that the fifth Super Scooper, sixth Super Scooper, and the two UAS drones would be delivered in May 2022, July 2022 and May 2022, respectively, but ultimately, the delivery and subsequent preparation for deployment of the fifth Super Scooper was delayed until September 2022, the two UAS drones were delivered in October 2022 and the sixth Super Scooper was not delivered until February 2023. As a result of such delays, our results of operations for the 2022 wildfire season were materially affected. Additionally, only pilots with significant flight hours can operate Super Scoopers, and there is a limited number of available pilots due to the demanding levels of training. There is a limited number of Super Scoopers in operation globally. Certain replacement parts may be unavailable or difficult to obtain, and we may be unable to hire sufficient mechanics trained to service Super Scoopers.

Our pilots and mechanics are required by contract to meet a minimum standard of operational experience. Finding and employing individuals with the necessary level of experience and certification has required us to hire U.S. and Canadian personnel. Inability to source and hire personnel with appropriate skills and experience would inhibit operations.

Our business’s success depends on our continued ability to attract, retain, and motivate highly qualified personnel with experience in the aviation space, including pilots and mechanics. However, competition for qualified personnel is intense. Our business may not be successful in attracting qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs. In the event that we are unable to fill critical open employment positions, we may need to delay our operational activities and goals, including the development and expansion of our business, and may have difficulty in meeting our obligations as a public company.

In addition, competitors and others may attempt to recruit our employees. The loss of the services of any of our key personnel, the inability to attract or retain highly qualified personnel in the future or delays in hiring such personnel, particularly senior management, pilots, and other technical personnel, could materially and adversely

 

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affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the replacement of key personnel likely would involve significant time and costs and may significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our business objectives.

The development of superior alternative firefighting tactics or technology that do not rely on our existing and planned capital assets could reduce demand for our services and result in a material reduction in our revenue and results of operations.

Our aircraft have been modified to deploy our technology and support our existing firefighting tactics to fight wildfires. In particular, the Super Scooper is specially designed to fight forest fires with water and to refill from open bodies of water. If new technology or firefighting tactics are created or discovered that provide more powerful, more economic, faster, safer, more environmentally friendly or services that are otherwise superior in certain aspects to our current services, then we may see reduced demand for our services or be required to incur additional costs to adapt our fleet to such technologies or firefighting tactics. Additionally, current and potential government customers may push towards contracting services from customers with modernized fleets. All of these changes could narrow the scope of future contracts to exclude our existing assets, which could reduce demand for our services, our revenues, and earnings.

Operations Risks

We rely on our IT systems to manage numerous aspects of our business. A cyber-based attack of these systems could disrupt our ability to deliver services to our customers and could lead to increased overhead costs, decreased sales, and harm to our reputation.

We rely on IT networks and systems to operate and manage our business, including the FireTRAC application (“FireTRAC”), which combines proprietary data and technology to deliver certain insights on fire risks. Our IT networks and systems process, transmit and store personal and financial information, and proprietary information of our business. The technology also allows us to coordinate our business across our operation bases and communicate with our employees and externally with customers, suppliers, partners, and other third parties. While we believe we take reasonable steps to secure these IT networks and systems, and the data processed, transmitted, and stored thereon, such networks, systems, and data may be susceptible to cyberattacks, viruses, malware, or other unauthorized access or damage (including by environmental, malicious, or negligent acts), which could result in unauthorized access to, or the release and public exposure of, our proprietary information or our users’ personal information. In addition, cyberattacks, viruses, malware, or other damage or unauthorized access to our IT networks and systems could result in damage, disruptions, or shutdowns to our platform. Any of the foregoing could cause substantial harm to our business, require us to make notifications to our customers, governmental authorities, or the media, and could result in litigation, investigations or inquiries by government authorities, or subject us to penalties, fines, and other losses relating to the investigation and remediation of such an attack or other unauthorized access or damage to our IT systems and networks.

Our service, data and systems may be critical to operations or involve the storage, processing and transmission of sensitive data, including valuable intellectual property, other proprietary or confidential data, regulated data, and personal information of employees, and others. Successful breaches, employee malfeasance, or human or technological error could result in, for example, unauthorized access to, disclosure, modification, misuse, loss, or destruction of our or other third-party data or systems; theft of sensitive, regulated, or confidential data including personal information and intellectual property; the loss of access to critical data or systems; service or system disruptions or denials of service.

Our ability to attract and retain customers, to efficiently operate our business, and to compete effectively depends in part upon the sophistication, security, and reliability of our technology network, including our ability to provide features of service that are important to our customers, to protect our confidential business information and the information provided by our customers, and to maintain customer confidence in our ability to protect our

 

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systems and to provide services consistent with their expectations. As a result, we are subject to risks imposed by data breaches and operational disruptions, including through cyberattack or cyber-intrusion, by computer hackers, foreign governments, cyber terrorists and activists, cyber criminals, malicious employees or other insiders of the Company or third-party service providers, and other groups and individuals.

Data breaches of companies and governments continue to increase as the number, intensity, and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased and we, our customers, and third parties increasingly store and transmit data by means of connected IT systems. Additionally, risks such as code anomalies, “Acts of God”, data leakage, cyber-fraud, and human error pose a direct threat to our services, systems, and data and could result in unauthorized or block legitimate access to sensitive or confidential data regarding our operations, customers, employees, and suppliers, including personal information.

We also depend on and interact with the technology and systems of third parties, including our customers and third-party service providers such as cloud service providers. Such third parties may host, process, or have access to information we maintain about our company, customers, employees, and vendors or operate systems that are critical to our business operations and services. Like us, these third parties are subject to risks imposed by data breaches, cyberattacks, and other events or actions that could damage, disrupt, or close down their networks or systems. We have security processes, protocols, and standards in place, including contractual provisions requiring such security measures, that are applicable to such third parties and are designed to protect information that is held by them, or to which they have access, as a result of their engagements with us. Nevertheless, a cyberattack could defeat one or more of such third parties’ security measures, allowing an attacker to obtain information about our company, customers, employees, and vendors or disrupt our operations. These third parties may also experience operational disruptions or human error that could result in unauthorized access to sensitive or confidential data regarding our operations, customers, employees, and suppliers, including personal information.

A disruption to our complex, global technology infrastructure, including those impacting our computer systems and website, could result in the loss of confidential business or customer information, require substantial repairs or replacements, resulting in significant costs, and lead to the temporary or permanent transfer by customers of some or all of their business to our competitors. The foregoing could harm our reputation and adversely impact our operations, customer service, and results of operations. Additionally, a security breach could require us to devote significant management resources to address the problems created. A significant data breach or any failure, or perceived failure, by us to comply with any federal, state, or foreign privacy laws, regulations, or other principles or orders to which we may be subject could adversely affect our reputation, brand, and business, and may result in claims, investigations, proceedings, or actions against us by governmental entities, litigation, including class action litigation, from our customers, fines, penalties, or other liabilities, or require us to change our operations or cease using certain data sets. Depending on the nature of the information compromised, we may also have obligations to notify users, law enforcement, government authorities, payment companies, consumer reporting agencies, or the media about the incident and may be required to expend additional resources in connection with investigating and remediating such an incident, and otherwise complying with applicable privacy and data security laws.

These types of adverse impacts could also occur in the event the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of company and customer information was compromised due to a data loss by us or a trusted third party. We or the third parties with which we share information may not discover any security breach and loss of information for a significant period of time after the security breach occurs.

We have invested and continue to invest in technology security initiatives, information-technology risk management, business continuity, and disaster recovery plans, including investments to retire and replace end-of-life systems. The development and maintenance of these measures is costly and requires ongoing monitoring and updating as technologies change and efforts to overcome security measures become increasingly more frequent, intense, and sophisticated. Despite our efforts, we are not fully insulated from data breaches, technology disruptions, data loss, and cyber-fraud, which could adversely impact our competitiveness and results of operations.

 

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While we have significant security processes and initiatives in place, we may be unable to detect or prevent a breach or disruption in the future. Additionally, while we have insurance coverage designed to address certain aspects of cyber risks in place, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise.

Failure to comply with federal, state and foreign laws and regulations relating to privacy, data protection and consumer protection, or the expansion of current laws and regulations or the enactment of new laws or regulations in these areas, could adversely affect our business and our financial condition.

We are subject to a wide variety of laws in the United States and other jurisdictions related to privacy, data protection, and consumer protection that are often complex and subject to varying interpretations. As a result, these privacy, data protection, and consumer protection laws may change or develop over time through judicial decisions or as new guidance or interpretations are provided by regulatory and governing bodies and such changes or developments may be contrary to our existing practices. This may cause us to expend resources on updating, changing, or eliminating some of our privacy and data protection practices.

Our reputation and ability to do business may be impacted by the improper conduct of our employees, agents or business partners.

We have implemented compliance controls, training, policies and procedures designed to prevent and detect reckless or criminal acts from being committed by our employees, agents or business partners that would violate the laws of the jurisdictions in which we operate, including laws governing payments to government officials, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the protection of export controlled or classified information, such as ITAR, false claims, procurement integrity, cost accounting and billing, competition, information security and data privacy and the terms of our contracts. This risk of improper conduct may increase as we continue to grow and expand our operations. We cannot ensure, however, that our controls, training, policies and procedures will prevent or detect all such reckless or criminal acts, and we have been adversely impacted by such acts in the past, which have been immaterial in nature. If not prevented, such reckless or criminal acts could subject us to civil or criminal investigations, monetary and non-monetary penalties and suspension and debarment by the U.S. government and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct business, our results of operations and our reputation. In addition, misconduct involving data security lapses resulting in the compromise of personal information or the improper use of our customer’s sensitive or classified information could result in remediation costs, regulatory sanctions against us and serious harm to our reputation and could adversely impact our ability to continue to contract with the U.S. government.

Any failure to offer high-quality aerial firefighting services to customers may harm our relationships with our customers and could adversely affect our reputation, brand, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We strive to create high levels of customer satisfaction and brand trust through our services and the support provided by our employees. Our customers depend on our team to resolve any issues relating to our services, which are often emergencies, in an efficient and accurate manner. Our ability to provide effective and timely services is largely dependent on numerous factors, including our ability to maintain our existing fleet and our ability to attract and retain skilled employees who can support our customers and are sufficiently knowledgeable about our services. As we continue to grow our business and improve our platform, we will face challenges related to providing quality support at scale. Any failure to provide efficient and timely services, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality or dependable services, could adversely affect our reputation, brand, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 

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Natural disasters, unusual weather conditions, pandemic or epidemic outbreaks, terrorist acts and political events could disrupt our business.

The occurrence of one or more natural disasters such as fires, tornados, hurricanes, floods and earthquakes, unusual weather conditions, epidemic or pandemic outbreaks, terrorist attacks or disruptive political events where our facilities or the hangars where our aircraft fleets are located, could damage our fleet or other property and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Severe weather, such as rainfall, snowfall or extreme temperatures, may impact the ability for our aerial firefighting services to occur as planned, resulting in additional expense to reschedule or cancel altogether, thereby reducing our sales and profitability. Terrorist attacks, actual or threatened acts of war or the escalation of current hostilities, or any other military or trade disruptions impacting our domestic or foreign suppliers of components of our aircraft, may impact our operations by, among other things, causing supply chain disruptions and increases in commodity prices, which could adversely affect our raw materials or transportation costs. To the extent these events also impact one or more of our suppliers or result in the closure of any of their facilities or our facilities, we may be unable to fulfill our other contracts.

We are subject to risks associated with climate change, including the potential increased impacts of severe weather events on our operations and infrastructure, and changes in weather patterns may result in lower demand for our services if such changes result in a reduced risk of wildfires.

All climate change-related regulatory activity and developments may adversely affect our business and financial results by requiring us to reduce our emissions, make capital investments to modernize certain aspects of our operations, purchase carbon offsets, or otherwise pay for our emissions. Such activity may also impact us indirectly by increasing our operating costs.

The potential physical effects of climate change, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, floods, fires, fog, mist, freezing conditions, sea-level rise, and other climate-related events, could affect our operations, infrastructure, and financial results. We could incur significant costs to improve the climate resiliency of our infrastructure and otherwise prepare for, respond to, and mitigate such physical effects of climate change. We are not able to accurately predict the materiality of any potential losses or costs associated with the physical effects of climate change. We believe that rising global temperatures have been, and in the future are expected to be, one factor contributing to increasing rates and severity of wildfires. Climate change and global temperatures are impacted my many variables, however, and cannot be predicted with certainty. If global temperatures were to decrease, then the rate and severity of wildfires may decrease as well, resulting in lower demand for our services.

Our business is dependent on the availability of aircraft fuel. Continued periods of significant disruption in the supply or cost of aircraft fuel could have a significant negative impact on consumer demand, our operating results, and liquidity.

We are currently able to obtain adequate supplies of aircraft fuel but we cannot predict the future availability. Natural disasters (including hurricanes or similar events in the U.S. Southeast and on the Gulf Coast, where we have performed our aerial firefighting services), political disruptions or military conflicts involving oil-producing countries, economic sanctions imposed against oil-producing countries or specific industry participants, changes in fuel-related governmental policy, the strength of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies, changes in the cost to transport or store petroleum products, changes in access to petroleum product pipelines and terminals, speculation in the energy futures markets, changes in aircraft fuel production capacity, environmental concerns and other unpredictable events may result in fuel supply shortages or distribution challenges in the future. Any of these factors or events could cause a disruption in or increased demands on oil production, refinery operations, pipeline capacity, or terminal access and possibly result in diminished availability of aircraft fuel supply for our business. The impact of such events may limit our ability to perform our aerial firefighting services, which could result in loss of revenue and adversely affect our ability to provide our services.

 

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System failures, defects, errors, or vulnerabilities in our website, applications, backend systems, or other technology systems or those of third-party technology providers could harm our reputation and brand and adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our systems, or those of third parties upon which we rely, may experience service interruptions, outages, or degradation because of hardware and software defects or malfunctions, human error, or malfeasance by third parties or our employees, contractors, or service providers, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, natural disasters, power losses, disruptions in telecommunications services, fraud, military or political conflicts, terrorist attacks, cyberattacks, or other events. Our insurance may not be sufficient, and we may not have sufficient remedies available to us from our third-party service providers, to cover all of our losses that may result from such interruptions, outages, or degradation.

If we fail to adequately protect our proprietary intellectual property rights, our competitive position could be impaired and we may lose market share, generate reduced revenue, and/or incur costly litigation to protect our rights.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary intellectual property rights, including certain technologies we utilize in arranging air firefighting services. To date, we have relied primarily on trade secrets and trademarks to protect our proprietary technology. Our software is also subject to certain protection under copyright law, though we have chosen not to register any of our copyrights. We routinely enter into non-disclosure agreements with our employees, consultants, third party aircraft operators, and other relevant persons and take other measures to protect our intellectual property rights, such as limiting access to our trade secrets and other confidential information. We intend to continue to rely on these and other means, including patent protection, in the future. However, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property may be inadequate, and unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our intellectual property or obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary and, if successful, may potentially cause us to lose market share, harm our ability to compete, and result in reduced revenue. Moreover, our non-disclosure agreements do not prevent our competitors from independently developing technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our products, and there can be no assurance that our competitors or third parties will comply with the terms of these agreements, or that we will be able to successfully enforce such agreements or obtain sufficient remedies if they are breached. There can be no assurance that the intellectual property rights we own or license will provide competitive advantages or will not be challenged or circumvented by our competitors.

Further, obtaining and maintaining patent, copyright, and trademark protection can be costly, and we may choose not to, or may fail to, pursue or maintain such forms of protection for our technology in the United States or foreign jurisdictions, which could harm our ability to maintain our competitive advantage in such jurisdictions. It is also possible that we will fail to identify patentable aspects of our technology before it is too late to obtain patent protection, that we will be unable to devote the resources to file and prosecute all patent applications for such technology, or that we will inadvertently lose protection for failing to comply with all procedural, documentary, payment, and similar obligations during the patent prosecution process. The laws of some countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, and mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights in some foreign countries may be inadequate to prevent other parties from infringing our proprietary technology. To the extent we expand our international activities, our exposure to unauthorized use of our technologies and proprietary information may increase. We may also fail to detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property or be required to expend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights, including engaging in litigation, which may be costly, time-consuming, and divert the attention of management and resources, and may not ultimately be successful. If we fail to meaningfully establish, maintain, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

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We use open-source software in connection with our platform, which may pose risks to our intellectual property.

We use open source software in connection with our technology products and plan to continue using open-source software in the future. Some licenses governing the use of open-source software contain requirements that we make available source code for modifications or derivative works we create based upon the open-source software. If we combine or link our proprietary source code with open-source software in certain ways, we may be required, under the terms of the applicable open-source licenses, to make our proprietary source code available to third parties. Although we monitor our use of open-source software, we cannot provide assurance that all open-source software is reviewed prior to use in our platform, that our developers have not incorporated open-source software into our platform that we are unaware of, or that they will not do so in the future. Additionally, the terms of open-source licenses have not been extensively interpreted by United States or international courts, and so there is a risk that open-source software licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on us or our proprietary software. If an author or other third party that distributes such open-source software were to allege that we had not complied with the conditions of an open-source license, we could incur significant legal costs defending ourselves against such allegations or remediating any alleged non-compliance with open-source licenses. Any such remediation efforts could require significant additional resources, and we may not be able to successfully complete any such remediation. Further, in addition to risks related to license requirements, use of certain open-source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open-source licensors generally do not provide warranties, and the open-source software may contain security vulnerabilities.

Our insurance may become too difficult or expensive for us to obtain or maintain. Increases in insurance costs or reductions in insurance coverage may materially and adversely impact our results of operations and financial position.

As the owners and operators of certain aircraft, we maintain general liability aviation premise insurance, non-owned aircraft liability coverage, and directors and officers insurance, and we believe our level of coverage is customary in the industry and adequate to protect against claims. However, there can be no assurance that it will be sufficient to cover potential claims or that present levels of coverage will be available in the future at reasonable cost. Additionally, replacement aircraft, especially new Super Scoopers, may not be readily available for purchase, potentially resulting in lost revenue for extended periods of time. Further, we expect our insurance costs to increase as we anticipate adding aircraft, expanding our services, and entering into new markets.

We are highly dependent on our senior management team and other highly skilled personnel with unique skills. We will need to be able to continue to grow our workforce with highly skilled workers in the future. If we are not successful in attracting or retaining highly qualified personnel, we may not be able to successfully implement our business strategy.

Our success depends, in significant part, on the continued services of our senior management team and on our ability to attract, motivate, develop, and retain a sufficient number of other highly skilled personnel, including finance, marketing, sales, and technology and support personnel. We believe that the breadth and depth of our senior management team’s experience across multiple industries will be instrumental to our success. The loss of any one or more members of our senior management team, for any reason, including resignation or retirement, could impair our ability to execute our business strategy and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Additionally, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected if we are unable to attract and retain skilled employees to support our operations and growth.

Our business may be adversely affected by labor and union activities.

None of our employees are currently represented by a labor union. However, it is common throughout the aerospace industry generally for many employees at aerospace companies to belong to a union, which can result in higher employee costs and increased risk of work stoppages. We may also directly and indirectly depend upon

 

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other companies with unionized work forces, such as parts suppliers and trucking and freight companies, and work stoppages or strikes organized by such unions could harm our business, financial condition or operating results.

Past performance by our management team or their respective affiliates may not be indicative of future performance of an investment in us.

Our management team has successfully grown and exited prior business ventures, including Ascent Vision Technologies by our founders, Mr. Matthew Sheehy and Mr. Timothy Sheehy. Any past experience or performance of our management team and their respective affiliates is not a guarantee of success with respect to Bridger.

We have entered into ground leases with terms of twenty (20) years and ten (10) years with the Gallatin Airport Authority for each of our hangars. If the Airport Authority declines to renew any of our ground leases, our operations and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

Our current hangars are, and the additional hangars we plan to add in the near-term will be, located on certain land owned by Gallatin Airport Authority (the “Airport Authority”) and leased to our subsidiaries. The initial term of each Ground Lease is either twenty (20) years or ten (10) years from its respective commencement date. These hangars are critical to our ability to provide maintenance on our aircraft. If the Airport Authority terminates our leases, or refuses to renew them when expired, we may incur significant costs to locate suitable alternative hangar locations and may incur increased costs to modify any replacement hangars for our business, and the process may require significant management attention.

Additionally, we currently have two hangars under contract with a general contractor based in Bozeman, Montana. Construction of the hangars is subject to the risks of cost overruns and delays due to a variety of factors including, among other things, site difficulties, labor strife, delays in and shortages of materials, weather conditions, fire and casualty. Any delay in completion of the hangars could materially adversely affect the timing of the commencement of operations at the hangars, which could affect receipt of future revenues.

Our lack of diversification with respect to the aircraft we use may subject us to negative economic, competitive and regulatory developments that disproportionately impact our aviation assets as compared to other fire suppression aircraft or alternative fire suppression services, which could adversely affect our ability to market and sell our services and our reputation.

Our fleet is comprised mainly of CL-415EAF aircraft, which is currently limited in supply (see the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors — There is a limited supply of new CL-415EAF aircraft to purchase, and an inability to purchase additional CL-415EAF aircraft could impede our ability to increase our revenue and net income.”). Furthermore, regulations or restrictions that cause us to ground the fleet after a safety or maintenance event, whether or not in connection with us or our services, have the potential to significantly affect our ability to carry out our operations and generate revenue. A similar incident could also damage our reputation or the perception of safety or efficacy of the CL-415EAF in fighting wildfires, which could negatively impact our business and results of operations.

Any delays in the development, design and engineering of our products and services may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have previously experienced, and may experience in the future, delays or other complications in the design, production, delivery and servicing ramp of our systems, products, technologies, services, and related technology, including on account of the global COVID-19 health crisis. If delays like this arise or recur, if our remediation measures and process changes do not continue to be successful or if we experience issues with design and safety, we could experience issues or delays in increasing production further.

If we encounter difficulties in scaling our delivery or servicing capabilities, if we fail to develop and successfully commercialize our products and services, if we fail to develop such technologies before our

 

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competitors, or if such technologies fail to perform as expected, are inferior to those of our competitors or are perceived to offer less mission assurance than those of our competitors, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

Seasonality Risks

There is a seasonal fluctuation in the need to fight forest fires based upon location. A significant portion of our total revenue currently occurs during the second and third quarters of the year due to the North American fire season, and the intensity of the fire season varies from year to year. As a result, our operating results may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year.

Our quarterly and annual operating results may fluctuate significantly, which makes our future operating results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations or any guidance we may provide. These fluctuations may occur due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including but not limited to: forest fires tend to have a higher occurrence during the summer months and during times of drought, but are ultimately unpredictable; climate change and changes in global temperatures occur of time; unexpected weather patterns, natural disasters or other events that increase or decrease the rate or intensity of wildfires or impair our ability to perform firefighting services; changes in governmental regulations or in the status of our regulatory approvals or applications. The individual or cumulative effects of factors discussed above could result in large fluctuations and unpredictability in our quarterly and annual operating results. As a result, comparing our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful or be a good indication of our current or future performance. For example, due to the condensed and less intense 2022 wildfire season, we experienced a decrease in demand for our wildfire surveillance, relief and suppression and aerial firefighting services and had less flight hours and standby days than prior years, which negatively impacted our results of operations for the 2022 wildfire season.

This variability and unpredictability could also result in our failing to meet the expectations of industry or financial analysts or investors for any period. If our revenue or operating results fall below the expectations of analysts or investors or below any guidance we may provide, or if any guidance we provide is below the expectations of analysts or investors, the price of our common stock could decline substantially. Such a stock price decline could occur even when we have met any previously publicly stated guidance we may provide. Furthermore, if we are unable to obtain access to working capital or if seasonal fluctuations are greater than anticipated, there could be a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Extreme weather, drought and shifting climate patterns have intensified the challenges associated with many of the risks facing the Company, particularly wildfire management.

Extreme weather, drought and shifting climate patterns have intensified the challenges associated with many of the other risks facing our business, particularly wildfire management. Our service territory encompasses some of the most densely forested areas in the United States and, as a consequence, is subject to risks from vegetation-related ignition events. Further, environmental extremes, such as drought conditions and extreme heat followed by periods of wet weather, can drive additional vegetation growth (which can then fuel fires) and influence both the likelihood and severity of extraordinary wildfire events. In particular, the risk posed by wildfires, including during the 2021 wildfire season, increased in the United States as a result of an ongoing extended period of drought, bark beetle infestations in forests and wildfire fuel increases due to rising temperatures and record rainfall following the drought, and strong wind events, among other environmental factors. Contributing factors other than environmental can include local land use policies and historical forestry management practices. The combined effects of extreme weather and climate change also impact this risk.

Further, we have been studying the potential effects of climate change (increased severity and frequency of storm events, sea level rise, land subsidence, change in temperature extremes, changes in precipitation patterns and drought, and wildfire) on Bridger’s assets, operations, and services, and we are developing adaptation plans to set forth a strategy for those events and conditions that we believe are most significant. Consequences of these

 

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climate-driven events may vary widely and could include increased stress on our services due to new patterns of demand, physical damage to our fleet and infrastructure, higher operational costs, and an increase in the number requests for our services. In addition, we could incur substantial costs to repair or replace aircraft and facilities.

Events or conditions caused by climate change could have a greater impact on our operations than our studies suggest and could result in a fluctuation in revenues and expenses. Conversely, the impact could be less than we anticipate, which we expect would result in reduce demand for our aerial firefighting services.

The substantial majority of our revenue currently is concentrated in the Western United States.

Currently, the substantial majority of our revenue is generated in the states of the United States located west of the Mississippi River, and if the weather patterns result in fewer wildfires in this region, demand for “flight hour” services would decrease and potentially result in a material decrease in revenue or net income.

Sales and Customer Risks

The aerial firefighting industry is expected to grow in the near future and is volatile, and if it does not develop, if it develops slower than we expect, if it develops in a manner that does not require use of our services, if it encounters negative publicity or if our solution does not drive commercial or governmental engagement, the growth of our business will be harmed.

The market for aerial firefighting is still rapidly evolving, characterized by rapidly changing technologies, competitive pricing and competitive factors, evolving government regulation and industry standards, and changing customer demands and behaviors. If the market for our services in general does not develop as expected, or develops more slowly than expected, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be harmed.

In the future, there may be other businesses who attempt to provide the services that we provide, or our main private competitors could attempt to increase operations. In the future, federal, state, and local governments and foreign governments may also decide to directly provide such services.

The industry in which we operate may become increasingly competitive as a result of the expansion of the demand for aerial firefighting operations or the entrance of federal, state, and local governments and foreign governments into the aerial firefighting space. We compete against a number of private operators with different business models, and new entrants may begin offering aerial firefighting services. Factors that affect competition in our industry include price, reliability, safety, regulations, professional reputation, aircraft availability, equipment and quality, consistency and ease of service, and willingness and ability to serve specific regions. There can be no assurance that our competitors will not be successful in capturing a share of our present or potential customer base. Certain governments may decide a government owned, government operated model is preferable, from a cost perspective or otherwise, to perform aerial firefighting services directly or to own their own aircraft and contract with independent operators. The materialization of any of these risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we experience harm to our reputation and brand, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Continuing to increase the strength of our reputation and brand for reliable, experience-driven, and cost-effective aerial firefighting services is critical to our ability to attract and retain qualified aircraft operators. In addition, our growth strategy may include international expansion through joint ventures, minority investments, or other partnerships with local companies, as well as event activations and cross-marketing with other established brands, all of which benefit from our reputation and brand recognition. If we fail to protect our reputation and brand recognition, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 

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We have government customers, which subjects us to risks including early termination, audits, investigations, sanctions and penalties. We are also subject to regulations applicable to government contractors which increase our operating costs and if we fail to comply, could result in the termination of our contracts with government entities.

We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from contracts with the U.S. government (accounting for approximately 96% of our total revenue in the year ended December 31, 2022) and may enter into additional contracts with the U.S. or foreign governments in the future. This subjects us to statutes and regulations applicable to companies doing business with the government, including the FAA. These government contracts customarily contain provisions that give the government substantial rights and remedies, many of which are not typically found in commercial contracts and which are unfavorable to contractors. For instance, most U.S. government agencies include provisions that allow the government to unilaterally terminate or modify contracts for convenience, and in that event, the counterparty to the contract may generally recover only its incurred or committed costs and settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination. In addition, as a small business, we have been awarded certain government contracts based on our status under the applicable regulations of the Small Business Association. If we continue to expand and are unable to maintain this small business status, we may no longer be eligible to utilize the small business status to grow our business. If the government terminates a contract for default, the defaulting party may be liable for any extra costs incurred by the government in procuring undelivered items from another source.

All of our federal and state government contracts (accounting for approximately 99.1% of our total revenue in the year ended December 31, 2022) are subject to the annual approval of appropriations being made by the applicable state or federal legislative bodies to fund the expenditures under these contracts. In addition, government contracts normally contain additional requirements that may increase our costs of doing business, reduce our profits, and expose us to liability for failure to comply with these terms and conditions. These requirements include, for example:

 

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specialized disclosure and accounting requirements unique to government contracts;

 

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financial and compliance audits that may result in potential liability for price adjustments, recoupment of government funds after such funds have been spent, civil and criminal penalties, or administrative sanctions such as suspension or debarment from doing business with the U.S. government;

 

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public disclosures of certain contract and company information; and

 

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mandatory socioeconomic compliance requirements, including labor requirements, non-discrimination and affirmative action programs and environmental compliance requirements.

Government contracts are also generally subject to greater scrutiny by the government, which can initiate reviews, audits and investigations regarding our compliance with government contract requirements. In addition, if we fail to comply with government contracting laws, regulations and contract requirements, our contracts may be subject to termination, and we may be subject to financial and/or other liability under our contracts, the Federal Civil False Claims Act (including treble damages and other penalties), or criminal law. In particular, the False Claims Act’s “whistleblower” provisions also allow private individuals, including present and former employees, to sue on behalf of the U.S. government. Any penalties, damages, fines, suspension, or damages could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

The U.S. government’s budget deficit and the national debt, as well as any inability of the U.S. government to complete its budget process for any government fiscal year and consequently having to shut down or operate on funding levels equivalent to its prior fiscal year pursuant to a “continuing resolution,” could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Considerable uncertainty exists regarding how future budget and program decisions will unfold, including the aerial firefighting spending priorities of the U.S. government, what challenges budget reductions will present for the aerial firefighting industry and whether annual appropriations bills for all agencies will be enacted for U.S. government fiscal year 2024 and thereafter due to many factors, including but not limited to, changes in the

 

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political environment, including before or after a change to the leadership within the government administration, and any resulting uncertainty or changes in policy or priorities and resultant funding. The U.S. government’s budget deficit and the national debt could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in a number of ways, including the following:

 

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The U.S. government could reduce or delay its spending on, reprioritize its spending away from, or decline to provide funding for the government programs in which we participate;

 

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U.S. government spending could be impacted by alternate arrangements to sequestration, which increases the uncertainty as to, and the difficulty in predicting, U.S. government spending priorities and levels; and

 

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We may experience declines in revenue, profitability and cash flows as a result of reduced or delayed orders or payments or other factors caused by economic difficulties of our customers and prospective customers, including U.S. federal, state and local governments.

Furthermore, we believe continued budget pressures could have serious negative consequences for the aerial firefighting industrial base and the customers, employees, suppliers, investors and communities that rely on companies in the aerial firefighting industrial base. Budget and program decisions made in this environment would have long-term implications for us and the entire aerial firefighting industry.

We depend significantly on U.S. government contracts, which often are only partially funded, subject to immediate termination, and heavily regulated and audited. The termination or failure to fund, or negative audit findings for, one or more of these contracts could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Over its lifetime, a U.S. government program may be implemented by the award of many different individual contracts and subcontracts. The funding of U.S. government programs is subject to U.S. Congressional appropriations. In recent years, U.S. government appropriations have been affected by larger U.S. government budgetary issues and related legislation. Although multi-year contracts may be authorized and appropriated in connection with major procurements, the U.S. Congress (“Congress”) generally appropriates funds on a government fiscal year basis. Procurement funds are typically made available for obligation over the course of one to three years. Consequently, programs often initially receive only partial funding, and additional funds are obligated only as Congress authorizes further appropriations. As a result of the restrictions on the authority of federal agencies to obligate federal funds without annual appropriations from Congress, most of our contracts are structured for one base year with options for up to four additional years. We cannot predict the extent to which total funding and/or funding for individual programs will be included, increased or reduced as part of the annual appropriations process ultimately approved by Congress and the President of the United States or in separate supplemental appropriations or continuing resolutions, as applicable. The termination of funding for a U.S. government program would result in a loss of anticipated future revenue attributable to that program, which could have an adverse impact on our operations. In addition, the termination of a program or the failure to commit additional funds to a program that already has been started could result in lost revenue and increase our overall costs of doing business.

Generally, U.S. government contracts are subject to oversight audits by U.S. government representatives. Such audits could result in adjustments to our contract costs. Any costs found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract will not be reimbursed, and such costs already reimbursed must be refunded. We have recorded contract revenue based on costs we expect to realize upon final audit. However, we do not know the outcome of any future audits and adjustments, and we may be required to materially reduce our revenue or profits upon completion and final negotiation of audits. Negative audit findings could also result in termination of a contract, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines or suspension or debarment from U.S. Government contracting or subcontracting for a period of time.

In addition, U.S. government contracts generally contain provisions permitting termination, in whole or in part, without prior notice at the U.S. government’s convenience upon payment only for work done and

 

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commitments made at the time of termination. For some contracts, we are a subcontractor and not the prime contractor, and in those arrangements, the U.S. Government could terminate the prime contractor for convenience without regard for our performance as a subcontractor. We can give no assurance that one or more of our U.S. government contracts will not be terminated under those circumstances. Also, we can give no assurance that we would be able to procure new contracts to offset the revenue or backlog lost as a result of any termination of our U.S. government contracts. Because a significant portion of our revenue is dependent on our performance and payment under our U.S. government contracts, the loss of one or more large contracts could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our U.S. government business also is subject to specific procurement regulations and a variety of socioeconomic and other requirements. These requirements, although customary in U.S. government contracts, increase our performance and compliance costs. These costs might increase in the future, thereby reducing our margins, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, the U.S. government has and may continue to implement initiatives focused on efficiencies, affordability and cost growth and other changes to its procurement practices. These initiatives and changes to procurement practices may change the way U.S. government contracts are solicited, negotiated and managed, which may affect whether and how we pursue opportunities to provide our products and services to the U.S. government, including the terms and conditions under which we do so, which may have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. For example, contracts awarded under the Department of Defense’s Other Transaction Authority for research and prototypes generally require cost-sharing and may not follow, or may follow only in part, standard U.S. government contracting practices and terms, such as the Federal Acquisition Regulation and Cost Accounting Standards.

Failure to comply with applicable regulations and requirements could lead to fines, penalties, repayments, or compensatory or treble damages, or suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracting or subcontracting for a period of time. Among the causes for debarment are violations of various laws and regulations, including those related to procurement integrity, export control (including ITAR), U.S. government security, employment practices, protection of the environment, accuracy of records, proper recording of costs and foreign corruption. The termination of a U.S. government contract or relationship as a result of any of these acts would have an adverse impact on our operations and could have an adverse effect on our standing and eligibility for future U.S. government contracts.

We may be blocked from or limited in providing or offering our services in certain jurisdictions and may be required to modify our business model in those jurisdictions as a result.

We face regulatory obstacles, including those lobbied for in local government, which could prevent us from operating our aerial firefighting services. We may incur significant costs in defending our right to operate in accordance with our business model in many jurisdictions. To the extent that efforts to block or limit our operations are successful, or we or third-party aircraft operators are required to comply with regulatory and other requirements applicable to our services, our revenue and growth would be adversely affected.

We may enter into firefighting contracts in the future with foreign governments, which may result in increased compliance and oversight risks and expenses.

If we enter into contracts with foreign governments in the future, we may be subject to further regulations and complicated procurement processes that require significant expense and/or management attention. Additionally, contracts with foreign governments often necessitate higher levels of compliance and oversight functions, which could increase our costs, making us less competitive and hurting our results from operations.

We may be unable to manage our future growth effectively, which could make it difficult to execute our business strategy.

If our operations continue to grow as planned, of which there can be no assurance, we will need to expand our sales, marketing, operations, and the number of aircraft that we own and operate in connection with our

 

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aerial firefighting services. Our continued growth could increase the strain on our resources, and we could experience operating difficulties, including difficulties in hiring, training, and managing an increasing number of employees. These difficulties may result in the erosion of our brand image, divert the attention of management and key employees, and impact financial and operational results. In addition, in order to continue to increase our presence, we expect to incur substantial expenses and capital expenditures as we continue to attempt to increase our coverage areas, aircraft fleet, and employee base. The continued expansion of our business may also require additional space for administrative support. If we are unable to drive commensurate growth, these costs, which include lease commitments, marketing costs and headcount, could result in decreased margins, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We rely on a few large customers for a majority of our business, and the loss of any of these customers, significant changes in the prices, marketing allowances or other important terms provided to any of these customers or adverse developments with respect to the financial condition of these customers could materially reduce our net income and operating results.

Our total revenues are concentrated among a small number of large customers. Sales to our three largest customers in the aggregate represented 99.1%, sales to our largest customer represented 94.8% of our total revenues during the year ended December 31, 2022, and one customer that accounted for 62% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2022. We are under continued pressure from our major customers to offer lower prices, extended payment terms, increased marketing and other allowances and other terms more favorable to these customers because our sales to these customers are concentrated, and the market in which we operate is very competitive. These customer demands have put continued pressure on our operating margins and profitability, resulted in periodic negotiations in connection with open requests for proposals to provide more favorable prices and terms to these customers and significantly increased our working capital needs. In addition, this customer concentration leaves us vulnerable to any adverse change in the financial condition of these customers. Changes in terms with, significant allowances for and collections from these customers could affect our operating results and cash flows. The loss of our main customers could adversely affect our business.

Our cash flow and profitability could be reduced if expenditures are incurred prior to the final receipt of a contract.

We provide services on behalf of our customers under various contractual arrangements. From time to time, in order to ensure that we satisfy our customers’ requirements and time-sensitive needs, we may elect to initiate procurement in advance of receiving final authorization from the government customer or a prime contractor. If our government or prime contractor customer’s requirements should change or if the government or the prime contractor should direct the anticipated procurement to another contractor, or if the anticipated contract award does not materialize, our investment might be at risk. This could reduce anticipated earnings or result in a loss, negatively affecting our cash flow and profitability.

If we are not able to successfully enter into new markets and offer new services and enhance our existing offerings, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our growth will depend in part on our ability to successfully enter into new markets and expand on our existing services. Significant changes to our existing services may require us to obtain and maintain applicable permits, authorizations or other regulatory approvals. If these new services are unsuccessful or fail to attract a sufficient number of customers to be profitable, or we are unable to bring new or expanded services to market efficiently, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. Furthermore, new demands regarding our services, including the availability of superior services or a deterioration in the quality of our existing services, could negatively affect the attractiveness of our platform and the economics of our business and require us to make substantial changes to and additional investments in our routes or our business model. Developing and launching new services or enhancements to our existing services involves significant risks and uncertainties, including risks related to the reception of such services by existing and potential future customers, increases in operational complexity, unanticipated delays or challenges in

 

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implementing such services or enhancements, increased strain on our operational and internal resources (including an impairment of our ability to accurately forecast flier demand and the number of customers using our platform) and negative publicity in the event such new or enhanced routes are perceived to be unsuccessful. We have scaled our business rapidly, and significant new initiatives have in the past resulted in such operational challenges affecting our business. In addition, developing and launching new services and enhancements to our existing services may involve significant upfront investment, such as purchasing additional aircraft, and such investments may not generate return on investment.

Supplier Risks

We rely on a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and supplied components. We may not be able to obtain sufficient raw materials or supplied components to meet our maintenance or operating needs or obtain such materials on favorable terms or at all, which could impair our ability to provide our services in a timely manner or increase our costs of services and maintenance.

Our ability to produce our current and future systems, technologies and services and other components of operation is dependent upon sufficient availability of raw materials and supplied components, which we secure from a limited number of suppliers. Global supply chains have recently experienced disruption as a result of industry capacity constraints, tariffs, material availability and global logistics delays arising from transportation capacity of ocean shipping containers and a prolonged delay in resumption of operations by one or more key suppliers as a result of COVID-19. Our reliance on suppliers to secure raw materials and supplied components exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials. We may not be able to obtain sufficient supplies of raw materials or supplied components on favorable terms or at all, which could result in delays in the provision of our services, our ability to repair and service our assets, or increased costs, any of which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In particular, we rely on Viking Air Limited (“Viking”), the manufacturer of our Super Scooper aircraft and an affiliate of Longview Aviation Services Inc. (“LAS”), to source and acquire the parts and materials needed to maintain our Super Scoopers and Bridger has not identified a readily available alternative supplier for certain of such parts. If we are unable to obtain (including as a result of a disruption to Viking’s business operations or supply lines) the necessary parts and materials to maintain our Super Scooper aircraft from Viking, and if we are unable to identify an alternative supplier for such parts and materials in a timely manner, then our business operations, including the maintenance and performance of our Super Scooper aircraft, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Additionally, to maintain compliance with certain contractual structural inspection and analysis requirements under our agreements with the United States Forest Service (the “USFS”), on January 5, 2021 we entered into Amendment 8 (SSLMP) (the “SSLMP Amendment”) to our purchase agreement with LAS and Viking, dated April 13, 2018 (as amended and supplemented from time to time, the “LAS Purchase Agreement”), for Viking’s provision of a Supplemental Structural Life Management Program. Viking agreed to provide us with a 5-year subscription service to a Super Scooper life management program based on the applicable FAA advisory material related to fatigue management and supplemental structural inspection programs, for which we pay a fixed subscription price. Viking does not have a termination for convenience right in respect of the services rendered pursuant to the SSLMP Amendment. If such services are nonetheless terminated or if Viking ceases to perform its obligations in respect thereof, or if we are unable to renew such services, then our business operations could be significantly disrupted and our results of operations could be adversely affected.

There is a limited supply of new CL-415EAF aircraft to purchase, and an inability to purchase additional CL-415EAF aircraft could impede our ability to increase our revenue and net income.

Currently, a majority of our revenue derives from services performed by the CL-415EAF. LAS has only made a limited number of CL-415EAFs available for sale between 2020 and 2025. If we continue to focus operations on a single airframe for fire suppression and does not expand its fleet to other aircraft, our operations

 

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may be impacted by the limited supply of new CL-415EAF aircraft available to purchase, which creates a revenue ceiling until additional aircraft can be produced or acquired, which could adversely affect our results of operation and ability to obtain efficiencies of scale.

We currently rely and will continue to rely on third-party partners to provide and store the parts and components required to service and maintain our aircraft, and to supply critical components and systems, which exposes us to a number of risks and uncertainties outside our control. Disputes with our suppliers or the inability of our suppliers to perform, or our key suppliers to timely deliver our components, parts or services, could cause our services to be provided in an untimely or unsatisfactory manner.

We are substantially reliant on our relationships with our suppliers and service providers for the parts and components in our aircraft. If any of these suppliers or service partners were to experience delays, disruptions, capacity constraints or quality control problems in their manufacturing operations, or if they choose to not do business with us, we would have significant difficulty in procuring and preparing our aircraft for service, and our business prospects would be significantly harmed. These disruptions would negatively impact our revenues, competitive position and reputation. In addition, our suppliers or service partners may rely on certain state tax incentives that may be subject to change or elimination in the future, which could result in additional costs and delays in production if a new manufacturing site must be obtained. Further, if we are unable to successfully manage our relationship with our suppliers or service partners, the quality and availability of our aircraft may be harmed. Our suppliers or service partners could, under some circumstances, decline to accept new purchase orders from or otherwise reduce their business with us. If our suppliers or service partners stopped manufacturing our aircraft components for any reason or reduced manufacturing capacity, we may be unable to replace the lost manufacturing capacity on a timely and comparatively cost-effective basis, which would adversely impact our operations.

The manufacturing facilities of our suppliers or service partners and the equipment used to manufacture the components for our aircraft would be costly to replace and could require substantial lead time to replace and qualify for use. The manufacturing facilities of our suppliers or service partners may be harmed or rendered inoperable by natural or man-made disasters, including earthquakes, flooding, fire and power outages, or by public health issues, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which may render it difficult or impossible for us to manufacture our aircraft for some period of time. The inability to manufacture our aircraft components or the backlog that could develop if the manufacturing facilities of our suppliers or service partners are inoperable for even a short period of time may result in the loss of customers or harm our reputation.

We do not control our suppliers or service partners or such parties’ labor and other legal compliance practices, including their environmental, health and safety practices. If our current suppliers or service partners, or any other suppliers or service partners which we may use in the future, violate U.S. or foreign laws or regulations, we may be subjected to extra duties, significant monetary penalties, adverse publicity, the seizure and forfeiture of products that we are attempting to import or the loss of our import privileges. The effects of these factors could render the conduct of our business in a particular country undesirable or impractical and have a negative impact on our operating results.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

Our business is subject to a wide variety of additional extensive and evolving government laws and regulations. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations relating to various aspects of our business, including with respect to employment and labor, health care, tax, privacy and data security, health and safety, and environmental issues. Laws and regulations at the foreign, federal, state and local levels frequently change, especially in relation to new and emerging industries, and we cannot always reasonably predict the impact from,

 

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or the ultimate cost of compliance with, current or future regulatory or administrative changes. We monitor these developments and devote a significant amount of management’s time and external resources towards compliance with these laws, regulations and guidelines, and such compliance places a significant burden on management’s time and other resources, and it may limit our ability to expand into certain jurisdictions. Moreover, changes in law, the imposition of new or additional regulations or the enactment of any new or more stringent legislation that impacts our business could require us to change the way we operate and could have a material adverse effect on our sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition.

Failure to comply with these laws, such as with respect to obtaining and maintaining licenses, certificates, authorizations and permits critical for the operation of our business, may result in civil penalties or private lawsuits, or the suspension or revocation of licenses, certificates, authorizations or permits, which would prevent us from operating our business. For example, aerial firefighting and the operation of any aircraft in the United States require licenses and permits from the Federal Aviation Administration (the “FAA”) and review by other agencies of the U.S. government, including the USFS and Department of the Interior (the “DOI”). License approval can include an interagency review of safety, operational, national security, and foreign policy and international obligations implications, as well as a review of foreign ownership.

Compliance with existing or new laws can delay our operations and impair our ability to fully utilize our assets. For example, each of the aircraft acquired and operated by us is subject to a conformance and registration process with the FAA prior to use in commercial operations. This conformance carding and registration process takes some time and can be delayed from time to time due to events outside of our control, including such events as federal government shutdowns or slowdowns in operations of the FAA. In 2020, the first two Viking Air CL-415EAFs were delivered to us three months later than anticipated due to federal government restrictions imposed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, we were not able to execute a firefighting contract for 2020 with the USFS.

Additionally, regulation of our industry is still evolving, and new or different laws or regulations could affect our operations, increase direct compliance costs for us or cause any third-party suppliers or contractors to raise the prices they charge us because of increased compliance costs. Application of these laws to our business may negatively impact our performance in various ways, limiting the collaborations we may pursue, further regulating the export and re-export of our services and technology from the United States and abroad and increasing our costs and the time necessary to obtain required authorization. The adoption of a multi-layered regulatory approach to any one of the laws or regulations to which we are or may become subject, particularly where the layers are in conflict, could require changes to the performance of our services or operational parameters which may adversely impact our business. We may not be in complete compliance with all such requirements at all times and, even when we believe we are in complete compliance, a regulatory agency may determine that we are not.

Our operations are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations governing health and the environment.

We are subject to a wide variety of various federal, state and local laws and regulations governing health and the environment due to the nature of our operations. Changes in the legal and or regulatory framework relating to the environment could have significant impact on our operations. For example, certain local land use policies and forestry management practices could be restricted to reduce the construction and development of residential and commercial projects in high-risk fire areas, which could lead to a reduction in demand for our services. Likewise, certain or future state and local water use and access policies could restrict our ability to access the bodies of water necessary to combat wildfires with our existing fire suppression aircraft. In the future, we may be unable to secure exemptions to these policies, and demand for our services could decrease. If these or any other change in the legal or regulatory framework relating to the environmental impact the operation of our business and the provision of our services, our costs, revenue and results of operations may be adversely affected.

 

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Financial and Capital Strategy Risks

We may in the future invest significant resources in developing new offerings and exploring the application of our technologies for other uses and those opportunities may never materialize.

While our primary focus for the foreseeable future will be on our aerial firefighting services, we may invest significant resources in developing new technologies, services, products and offerings. However, we may not realize the expected benefits of these investments, and these anticipated technologies are unproven and these products or technologies may never materialize or be commercialized in a way that would allow us to generate ancillary revenue streams. Relatedly, if such technologies become viable offerings in the future, we may be subject to competition from our competitors.

Such research and development initiatives may also have a high degree of risk and involve unproven business strategies and technologies with which we have limited operating or development experience. They may involve claims and liabilities (including, but not limited to, personal injury claims), expenses, regulatory challenges and other risks that we may not be able to anticipate. There can be no assurance that consumer demand for such initiatives will exist or be sustained at the levels that we anticipate, or that any of these initiatives will gain sufficient traction or market acceptance to generate sufficient revenue to offset any new expenses or liabilities associated with these new investments. Further, any such research and development efforts could distract management from current operations and would divert capital and other resources from our more established offerings and technologies. Even if we were to be successful in developing new products, services, offerings or technologies, regulatory authorities may subject us to new rules or restrictions in response to our innovations that may increase our expenses or prevent us from successfully commercializing new products, services, offerings or technologies.

We may require substantial additional funding to finance our operations and growth strategy, but adequate additional financing may not be available when we need it, on acceptable terms, or at all , and our ability to pursue equity financings may depend in part, on the market price of our Common Stock.

We financed our operations and capital expenditures primarily through private financing rounds, including the $160 million aggregate municipal bond financing that closed on July 21, 2022 and August 10, 2022. In the future, we could be required to raise capital through public or private financing or other arrangements. Such financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all, and our failure to raise capital when needed could harm our business. For example, the global COVID-19 health crisis and related financial impact has resulted in, and may continue to result in, significant disruption and volatility of global financial markets that could adversely impact our ability to access capital. We may sell equity securities or debt securities in one or more transactions at prices and in a manner as we may determine from time to time for general corporate purposes or for specific purposes, including in order to pursue growth initiatives. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and could reduce our operational flexibility or profitability. If we sell any securities in subsequent transactions, our current investors may be materially diluted. If we cannot raise funds on acceptable terms, we may not be able to grow our business or respond to competitive pressures. In addition, our ability to generate proceeds from equity financings will significantly depend on the market price of our Common Stock. The Common Stock and Private Placement Warrants being offered for resale in this prospectus represent a substantial percentage of our total outstanding securities as of the date of this prospectus. The shares of Common Stock that the Selling Holders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus is up to (a) 120,277,192 shares of Common Stock, constituting approximately 84.5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock and approximately 254.5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock held by non-affiliates (assuming, in each case, the exercise of all of our Warrants, the vesting and settlement of the outstanding restricted stock units, and the conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock) and (b) 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants constituting approximately 35.3% of our issued and outstanding Warrants. As a result, significant near-term resale of shares or of our Common Stock pursuant to this prospectus could have a significant, negative impact on the trading price of our shares of Common Stock and Warrants since the number of shares of Common Stock that the Selling Holders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus would constitute a considerable increase to our current public float. The sale of all or a substantial portion of the Common Stock and Private Placement Warrants being offered for resale in this prospectus or the perception that

 

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these sales could occur, could result in a significant decline in the public trading price of our Common Stock and Warrants. Therefore, our ability to raise additional funds to support our growth initiatives may be limited by such sales. For additional information about how the sales of our Resale Securities could decrease our stock price, see the section of this prospectus below entitled “Risk Factors — Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities—Future sales, or the perception of future sales, of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock, by us or our stockholders in the public market may cause the price of our Common Stock and Warrants to decline. The securities being offered for resale in this prospectus represent a substantial percentage of our outstanding Common Stock, and the sales of such securities, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline significantly”. Furthermore, on April 6, 2023, the closing price of our Common Stock was $4.58 per share. For so long as the market price of our Common Stock is below the exercise price of our Warrants ($11.50 per share), our Warrants remain “out-of-the-money,” and our Warrant Holders are unlikely to cash exercise their Warrants, resulting in little or no cash proceeds to us. There can be no assurance that our Warrants will be in the money prior to their January 24, 2028 expiration date, and therefore, we may not receive any proceeds from the exercise of Warrants to fund our operations.

Any acquisitions, partnerships or joint ventures that we enter into could disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. As part of growing our business, we have and may make acquisitions. If we fail to successfully select, execute or integrate our acquisitions, then our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected, and our stock price could decline.

From time to time, we may evaluate potential strategic acquisitions of businesses, including partnerships or joint ventures with third parties. We may not be successful in identifying acquisition, partnership and joint venture candidates. In addition, we may not be able to continue the operational success of such businesses or successfully finance or integrate any businesses that we acquire or with which we form a partnership or joint venture. We may have potential write-offs of acquired assets and/or an impairment of any goodwill recorded as a result of acquisitions. Furthermore, the integration of any acquisition may divert management’s time and resources from our core business and disrupt our operations or may result in conflicts with our business. Any acquisition, partnership or joint venture may not be successful, may reduce our cash reserves, may negatively affect our earnings and financial performance and, to the extent financed with the proceeds of debt, may increase our indebtedness. Further, depending on market conditions, investor perceptions of us and other factors, we might not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, to implement any such transaction. We cannot ensure that any acquisition, partnership or joint venture we make will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our systems, aircraft, technologies and services and related equipment may have shorter useful lives than we anticipate.

Our growth strategy depends in part on the acquisition of additional assets, including Super Scoopers, Air Attack aircraft, UAV, and airport hangars. A number of factors will impact the useful lives of our aircraft and facilities, including, among other things, the quality of their design and construction, the durability of their component parts and availability of any replacement components, and the occurrence of any anomaly or series of anomalies or other risks affecting the technology during firefighting and surveillance operations. In addition, any improvements in technology may make our existing aircraft, designs, or any component of our aircraft prior to the end of its life obsolete. If our systems, aircraft, facilities, technologies, and related equipment have shorter useful lives than we currently anticipate, this may lead to higher costs, lower returns on capital, or customer price increases that could hinder our ability to obtain new business, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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We have a substantial amount of debt and servicing future interests or principal payments may impair our ability to operate our business or require us to change our business strategy to accommodate the repayment of our debt. Our ability to operate our business is limited by certain agreements governing our debt, including restrictions on the use of the loan proceeds, operational and financial covenants, and restrictions on additional indebtedness. If we are unable to comply with the financial covenants or other terms of our debt agreements, we may become subject to cross-default or cross-acceleration provisions that could result in our debt being declared immediately due and payable.

We completed municipal bond financings in July 2022 and August 2022 that raised gross proceeds in the aggregate of $160 million. As of December 31, 2022, we had $213 million of total debt outstanding. In connection with such bond financings, we have entered into various loan agreements, which contain certain financial covenants, that require, among other things, that we operate in a manner and to the extent permitted by applicable law, to produce sufficient gross revenues so as to be at all relevant times in compliance with the terms of such covenants, including that we maintain (i) beginning with the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2023, a minimum debt service coverage ratio (generally calculated as the aggregate amount of our total gross revenues, minus operating expenses, plus interest, depreciation and amortization expense, for any period, over our maximum annual debt service requirements, as determined under such loan agreement) that exceeds 1.25x and (ii) beginning with the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2022, a minimum liquidity of not less than $8 million in the form of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, plus liquid investments and unrestricted marketable securities at all times.

Subject to the terms of the loan agreements, in the event we are unable to comply with the terms of the financial covenants, we may be required (among other potential remedial actions) to engage an independent consultant to review, analyze and make recommendations with respect to our operations or in some instances, this could result in an event of default and/or the acceleration of our debt obligations under the loan agreements. In addition, the acceleration of our debt obligations may in some instances (as set forth in the Amended and Restated Charter) result in an increase in the dividend rate of the Series A Preferred Stock of 2.00% per annum from the dividend rate otherwise in effect with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock.

As further described under the section of this prospectus entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness”, we have also entered into various term loan agreements and other long-term debt to fund the purchase of additional aircraft and finance the construction of aircraft hangars. Under the terms of such agreements, we are subject to certain financial covenants including, a debt service coverage ratio, current assets to liabilities ratio and senior leverage ratio. As of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2022, we were in violation of the current assets to liabilities and senior leverage ratios requirements, respectively, under the agreements of our credit facilities with Rocky Mountain Bank. On both occasions, Rocky Mountain Bank agreed to waive the violation of such covenants and not enforce its rights and remedies from the resulting events of default under such credit facilities. No assurance can be provided that we will be able to satisfy such financial covenants in future periods or that we will be able to obtain a waiver from our lenders in the event of non-compliance. A breach of any of these covenants or the occurrence of other events specified in the agreements or related debt documents could result in an event of default under the same and give rise to the lenders’ right to accelerate our debt obligations thereunder and pursue other remedial actions under our credit facilities and/or trigger a cross-default under our other debt agreements, including our Series 2022 Bonds.

Subject to the limits contained in some of the agreements governing our outstanding debt, we may incur additional debt in the future. Our maintenance of higher levels of indebtedness could have adverse consequences including impairing our ability to obtain additional debt and/or equity financing in the future.

Our level of debt places significant demands on our cash resources, which could:

 

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make it more difficult to satisfy our outstanding debt obligations;

 

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require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash for payments related to our debt, reducing the amount of cash flow available for working capital, capital expenditures, entitlement of our real estate assets, contributions to our tax-qualified pension plan, and other general corporate purposes;

 

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•

make it more difficult for us to satisfy certain financial tests and ratios under our loan or debt agreements, requiring us to seek waivers from lenders to not enforce its rights and remedies under the applicable agreements;

 

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limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in the industries in which we compete;

 

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place us at a competitive disadvantage with respect to our competitors, some of which have lower debt service obligations and greater financial resources than we do;

 

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limit our ability to borrow additional funds;

 

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limit our ability to expand our operations through acquisitions; and

 

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increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt and fund our operating costs, our liquidity may be adversely affected.

There are no assurances that we will maintain a level of liquidity sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium and interest on our indebtedness. In addition to competitive conditions in the industry in which we operate, our financial condition and operating performance are also subject to prevailing economic conditions and certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control.

We do not expect to declare any dividends in the foreseeable future.

We intend to retain future earnings, if any, for future operations and expansion and there are no current plans to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. The declaration, amount, and payment of any future dividends on shares of our common stock will be at the sole discretion of the Board. The Board may take into account general and economic conditions, our financial condition and results of operations, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax, and regulatory restrictions, implications on the payment of dividends by us to our stockholders or by our subsidiaries to us, and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant. As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in our common stock unless you sell our common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

Our variable interest entities (or “VIEs”) may subject us to potential conflicts of interest, and such arrangements may not be as effective as direct ownership with respect to our relationships with the VIEs, which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to effectively control the VIEs and receive economic benefits from them.

We historically had four variable interest entities (or “VIEs”), two of which have been consolidated in Bridger’s financial statements: Northern Fire and Mountain Air. Northern Fire is owned 50% by BAG, one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and 50% by a former employee of BAG, who is a Canadian national. We assisted in designing and organizing Northern Fire with a business purpose of employing Canadian aviation professionals for our business. We have a master services agreement with Northern Fire and Bridger Air Tanker, LLC (“Bridger Air”), our wholly-owned subsidiary, to transfer all annual expenses incurred to us in exchange for the Canadian employees to support our water scooper aircraft. Mountain Air was a VIE for 2021, but subsequent to its acquisition on November 7, 2022 for $1.00, and it is now a wholly-owned subsidiary.

The contractual arrangements we have with the VIEs may not be as effective as direct ownership in respect of our relationship with the VIE. For example, the VIE and its shareholders could breach their contractual arrangements with us by, among other things, failing to conduct their operations in an acceptable manner or taking other actions that are detrimental to our interests. If we had direct ownership of the VIE, we would be able to exercise our rights as a shareholder to effect changes in the board of directors of the VIE, which in turn could implement changes, subject to any applicable fiduciary obligations, at the management and operational level. However, under the agreements with our VIEs, we rely on the performance by the VIE and its shareholders of their obligations under the contracts to exercise control over the VIE. The shareholders of the consolidated VIE may not act in the best interests of our company or may not perform their obligations under these contracts. Such

 

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risks exist throughout the period in which we intend to operate certain portions of our business through the contractual arrangements with the VIE.

As of the date of this prospectus, we are not aware of any conflicts between the shareholders of the VIE and us. However, the shareholders of the VIE may have actual or potential conflicts of interest with us in the future. These shareholders may refuse to sign or breach, or cause the VIE to breach, or refuse to renew, the existing contractual arrangements we have with them and the VIE, which would have a material adverse effect on our ability to effectively control the VIE and receive economic benefits from it. For example, the shareholders may be able to cause our agreements with the VIE to be performed in a manner adverse to us by, among other things, failing to remit payments due under the contractual arrangements to us on a timely basis. We cannot assure you that when conflicts of interest arise any or all of these shareholders will act in the best interests of our company or such conflicts will be resolved in our favor. Currently, we do not have any arrangements to address potential conflicts of interest between these shareholders and our company. If we cannot resolve any conflict of interest or dispute between us and these shareholders, we would have to rely on legal proceedings to enforce such arrangements, which could result in disruption of our business, require us to incur substantial costs and expend additional resources, and subject us to substantial uncertainty as to the outcome of any such legal proceedings.

Our results of operations may be adversely affected by other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our marketable securities.

We make investments in marketable securities classified as available-for-sale debt securities, consisting of commercial paper, corporate bonds and notes, and government securities. As of December 31, 2022, we had $55.0 million of investments in debt securities classified as available-for-sale with short-term maturities of less than one year and carried at fair value. We are exposed to the risk that the issuers of these debt securities may experience significant deterioration in credit quality which could impact the market value of such issuer’s securities. We periodically evaluate our debt securities to determine if market value declines are other-than-temporary. If a decline is determined to be other-than-temporary, the credit related portion of the impairment would be recognized as an adjustment to income.

Early-Stage Company Risks

We have incurred significant losses since inception, and we may not be able to achieve, maintain or increase profitability or positive cash flow.

We have incurred significant losses since inception. While we currently generate revenue from our aerial firefighting services, we are not currently profitable, and it is difficult for us to predict our future operating results. As a result, our losses may be larger than anticipated, and we may not be able to reach profitability in the foreseeable future. Further, our future growth is heavily dependent upon the necessity for our services.

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert our management’s attention and affect our ability to attract and retain additional executive management and qualified board members.

Prior to Closing, we were not subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, or the listing requirements of Nasdaq. Compliance with these rules and regulations has increased, and will continue to increase, our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, or costly, and increase demand on our systems and resources, particularly after we are no longer an emerging growth company. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly, and current reports with respect to our business and operating results. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. In order to maintain and improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to meet this standard, significant resources and management oversight have been and may in the future be required. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could adversely affect our business and operating results. We may need to hire more employees in the future or engage outside consultants, which would increase our costs and expenses.

 

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In addition, changing laws, regulations, and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs, and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations, and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve or otherwise change over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations, and standards (or changing interpretations of them), and this investment may result in increased selling, general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations, and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to their application and practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us, and our business may be adversely affected. As a public company, we have also had to incur increased expenses in order to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to maintain the same or similar coverage or obtain coverage in the future. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee, compensation committee, and nominating and governance committee, and qualified executive officers.

As a result of disclosure of information in the filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition is more visible, which may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be adversely affected, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and adversely affect our business and operating results. In addition, as a result of our disclosure obligations as a public company, we have reduced flexibility and are under pressure to focus on short-term results, which may adversely affect our ability to achieve long-term profitability.

If we do not develop and implement all required accounting practices and policies, we may be unable to provide the financial information required of a U.S. publicly traded company in a timely and reliable manner.

Prior to the Closing, we were a privately held company, and we were not required to adopt all of the financial reporting and disclosure procedures and controls required of a U.S. publicly traded company. The implementation of all required accounting practices and policies and the hiring of additional financial staff has increased and may continue to increase our operating costs and requires our management to devote significant time and resources to such implementation. If we fail to develop and maintain effective internal controls and procedures and disclosure procedures and controls, we may be unable to provide financial information and required SEC reports that are timely and reliable. Any such delays or deficiencies could harm us, including by limiting our ability to obtain financing, either in the public capital markets or from private sources and damaging our reputation, which in either cause could impede our ability to implement our growth strategy. In addition, any such delays or deficiencies could result in our failure to meet the requirements for continued listing of our Common Stock on Nasdaq.

The Series 2022 Bonds were marketed on the basis of our compliance with certain green and social bond principles. We may not continue to satisfy such principles and we may be unable to market bonds under such principles in the future.

We have publicly advertised, and the Series 2022 Bonds were marketed on the basis of, our compliance with the core components of International Capital Market Association (ICMA) Green Bond Principles and Social Bond Principles. There is no assurance that the eligible projects to which we allocate proceeds from such Series 2022 Bonds will satisfy, or continue to satisfy, investor criteria and expectations regarding environmental impact and sustainability performance, and no assurance is given that the use or allocation will satisfy present or future investor expectations or requirements, voluntary taxonomies or standards regarding any investment criteria or

 

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guidelines with which investors or their investments are required to comply, whether by any present or future applicable laws or regulations, by their own governing rules or investment portfolio mandates, ratings criteria, voluntary taxonomies or standards or other independent expectations. As a result, there may be impacts of failing to satisfy bond conditions under the Series 2022 Bonds, and we may be unable to market future bonds, which may result in increased financing costs for us.

Pursuant to the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for so long as we are an “emerging growth company.”

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, that company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and influenced by that company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Prior to the Closing, Legacy Bridger was not required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting in a manner that meets the standards of publicly traded companies required by Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We are now required to adhere to these SEC rules, which will require management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting beginning for the year ending December 31, 2023. Additionally, once we are no longer an emerging growth company, if we are an “accelerated filer” or a “large accelerated filer” (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act), then we will be required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirement on our internal controls over financial reporting. If we are unable to establish or maintain appropriate internal control over financial reporting or implement these additional requirements in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, it could result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements, failure to meet our reporting obligations on a timely basis, increases in compliance costs, and subject us to adverse regulatory consequences, all of which may adversely affect investor confidence in, and the value of, our securities. Furthermore, if some investors find our securities less attractive as a result of the exemptions available us as an emerging growth company, there may be a less active trading market for our securities (assuming a market develops), and the trading price of our securities may be more volatile than that of an otherwise comparable company that does not avail itself of the same or similar exemptions.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, which we are in the process of, and are focused on, remediating. If we are unable to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results in a timely manner, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.

A material weakness is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, which we are in the process of, and are focused on, remediating. The first material weakness is related to properly accounting for complex transactions within our financial statement closing and reporting process. The second material weakness arises from our failure to design and maintain effective IT general controls over the IT systems used within the processing of key financial transactions. Specifically, we did not design and maintain user access controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and that adequately restrict user and privileged access to financial applications, programs, and data to appropriate company personnel.

 

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Additionally, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the period end account reconciliation review and entity level financial statement review controls which did not operate within a sufficient level of precision.

We have begun the process of, and are focused on, designing and implementing effective internal controls measures to improve our internal control over financial reporting and remediate the material weaknesses. Future remediation of the material weaknesses is subject to ongoing management evaluation and will require validation and testing of the design and operating effectiveness of internal controls over a sustained period of financial reporting cycles.

Although we plan to complete this remediation process as quickly as possible, we are unable, at this time, to estimate how long it will take, and our efforts may not be successful in remediating the identified material weaknesses. In addition, even if we are successful in strengthening our controls and procedures, we can give no assurances that in the future such controls and procedures will be adequate to prevent or identify errors or irregularities or to facilitate the fair preparation and presentation of our consolidated financial statements. Any failure to design or maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement could increase compliance costs, negatively impact share trading prices, or otherwise harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.

Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities

The price of our Common Stock and Warrants are likely to be highly volatile, and you may lose some or all of your investment.

The price of our Common Stock and Warrants may fluctuate significantly due to a number of factors, some of which may be beyond our control, including those factors discussed in this “Risk Factors” section and many others, such as:

 

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actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial condition and operating results, including fluctuations in our quarterly and annual results;

 

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developments involving our competitors;

 

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changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

 

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variations in our operating performance and the performance of our competitors in general;

 

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the public’s reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;

 

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additions and departures of key personnel;

 

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announcements of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments by us or our competitors;

 

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our failure to meet the estimates and projections of the investment community or that we may otherwise provide to the public;

 

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publication of research reports about us or our industry, or positive or negative recommendations or withdrawal of research coverage by securities analysts;

 

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changes in the market valuations of similar companies;

 

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overall performance of the equity markets;

 

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sales of our Common Stock and Warrants by us or our stockholders in the future;

 

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trading volume of our Common Stock and Warrants;

 

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significant lawsuits, including shareholder litigation;

 

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failure to comply with the requirements of Nasdaq;

 

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•

the impact of any natural disasters or public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic;

 

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general economic, industry and market conditions other events or factors, many of which are beyond our control; and

 

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changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles.

These market and industry factors may materially reduce the market price of our Common Stock and our Warrants regardless of our operating performance.

Our Common Stock is subject to restrictions on ownership by non-U.S. citizens, which could require divestiture by non-U.S. citizen stockholders and could have a negative impact on the transferability of our common stock, its liquidity and market value, and such restrictions may deter a potential change of control transaction.

Under the Amended and Restated Charter and the Amended and Restated Bylaws, we have limited the ownership of non-U.S. citizens to 24.9% of the aggregate votes of all outstanding equity securities of our company or 49.0% of the aggregate number of outstanding equities securities in compliance with the regulations set forth by the FAA and the DOT. As a result, if we approach these limits, non-U.S. citizen demand for our equity securities may be reduced, and the price of our Common Stock may suffer.

We may issue additional shares of our Common Stock or other equity securities, which would dilute your ownership interest in us and may depress the market price of our Common Stock.

We may issue additional shares of our Common Stock or other equity securities in the future in connection with, among other things, future acquisitions, repayment of outstanding indebtedness or grants under our Omnibus Incentive Plan and the Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc. 2023 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) without stockholder approval in a number of circumstances. Our issuance of additional our Common Stock or other equity securities could have one or more of the following effects:

 

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our existing stockholders’ proportionate ownership interest in us will decrease;

 

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the amount of cash available per share, including for payment of dividends in the future, may decrease;

 

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the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding share of our Common Stock may be diminished; and

 

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the market price of our Common Stock may decline.

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and if we take advantage of certain exemptions from disclosure requirements available to “emerging growth companies” or “smaller reporting companies,” this could make our securities less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare our performance with other public companies.

We are an “emerging growth company” within the meaning of the Securities Act, as modified by the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information they may deem important. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years, although circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the end of any second quarter of a fiscal year, in which case we would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the last day of such fiscal year. We cannot predict whether investors will find our securities less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result of our reliance on these exemptions, the trading prices of

 

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our securities may be lower than they otherwise would be, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the trading prices of our securities may be more volatile.

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts “emerging growth companies” from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a registration statement under the Securities Act declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to “non-emerging growth companies” but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an “emerging growth company”, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company that is not an “emerging growth company” or is an “emerging growth company” which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Additionally, we are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (i) the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates is greater than or equal to $250 million as of the end of that fiscal year’s second fiscal quarter, and (ii) our annual revenues are greater than or equal to $100 million during the last completed fiscal year or the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the end of that fiscal year’s second fiscal quarter. To the extent we take advantage of such reduced disclosure obligations, it may also make comparison of our financial statements with other public companies difficult or impossible.

Provisions in the Amended and Restated Charter, the Amended and Restated Bylaws, the Stockholders Agreement and Delaware law could discourage a takeover that stockholders may consider favorable which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for our Common Stock and may lead to entrenchment of management.

The Amended and Restated Charter and the Amended and Restated Bylaws contain provisions that could significantly reduce the value of our securities to a potential acquiror or delay or prevent changes in control or changes in our management without the consent of the Board. Such provisions may discourage unsolicited takeover proposals that stockholders may consider to be in their best interests. Our organizational documents include the following:

 

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a classified board of directors with three-year staggered terms, which may delay the ability of stockholders to change the membership of a majority of the Board;

 

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no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;

 

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the exclusive right of the Board, unless the Board grants such a right to the holders of any series of preferred stock, to elect a director to fill a vacancy created by the expansion of the Board or the resignation, death or removal of a director, which prevents stockholders from being able to fill vacancies on the Board;

 

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the prohibition on removal of directors without cause;

 

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the ability of the Board to authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock and to determine the price and other terms of those shares, including preferences and voting rights, without stockholder approval, which could be used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquiror;

 

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the ability of the Board to alter the Amended and Restated Bylaws without obtaining stockholder approval;

 

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the required approval of at least 66-2/3% of the shares of our Common Stock entitled to vote to amend or repeal the Amended and Restated Bylaws or amend, alter or repeal certain provisions of the Amended and Restated Charter;

 

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a prohibition on stockholder action by written consent, which forces stockholder action to be taken at an annual or special meeting of our stockholders;

 

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an exclusive forum provision providing that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for certain actions and proceedings;

 

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the requirement that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by the Board, the chair of the Board, the chief executive officer or the president, which may delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors; and

 

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advance notice procedures that stockholders must comply with in order to nominate candidates to the Board or to propose matters to be acted upon at a stockholders’ meeting, which may discourage or deter a potential acquiror from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquiror’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of the company.

We are not subject to the anti-takeover provisions contained in Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. However, we may not, engage in a business combination with any holder of 15% or more of our capital stock unless the holder has held the stock for three years or, among other exceptions, the Board has approved the transaction.

Additionally, the Stockholders Agreement permits Blackstone to nominate up two directors to our board of directors while Blackstone holds a requisite amount of our Common Stock, which could have the effect of increasing the difficulty of shareholders engaged in a proxy campaign against an incumbent board of directors of the Company. Individually and collectively, these anti-takeover defenses could discourage, delay, or prevent a transaction involving a change in control of the Company. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing and cause the Company to take corporate actions other than those you desire.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the continued listing standards of Nasdaq. Nasdaq may delist our securities from trading on its exchange, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our securities and subject us to additional trading restrictions.

Our Common Stock and the Public Warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “BAER” and “BAERW,” respectively. We are required to demonstrate compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements in order to continue to maintain the listing of our securities on Nasdaq. If Nasdaq delists our securities from trading on its exchange and we are not able to list our securities on another national securities exchange, our securities could be quoted on an over-the-counter market. If this were to occur, we could face significant adverse consequences, including:

 

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a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;

 

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reduced liquidity for our securities;

 

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a determination that our Common Stock is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our Common Stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;

 

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a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and

 

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a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” Because our Common Stock and Bridger Public Warrants are listed on Nasdaq, our Common Stock and Bridger Public

 

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Warrants qualify as covered securities. Although states are preempted from regulating the sale of our securities, the federal statute does allow states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud. If there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. Further, if we were no longer listed on Nasdaq, our securities would not be covered securities and we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer our securities.

The holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock have rights, preferences and privileges that are not held by, and are preferential to, the rights of holders of our Common Stock. We may be required, under certain circumstances, to repurchase the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock for cash, and such obligations could adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.

In connection with the Business Combination, we issued 315,789.473684 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in respect of certain equity securities of Bridger. The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible non-participating preferred stock, with a conversion price of $11.00 per share and accrues dividends at a rate of 7.0% per annum (payable in cash or in-kind, subject to specified limitations) to but excluding April 25, 2028, 9.0% per annum from (and including) April 25, 2028 to but excluding April 25, 2029, and 11.00% per annum from (and including) April 25, 2029.

In addition, under the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock, we may, at our option, redeem all or any portion of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock under certain circumstances any time after April 25, 2027, and we must redeem the shares by on or before April 25, 2032. Upon certain fundamental changes to us and our ownership structure, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock may require us to redeem their shares of Series A Preferred Stock. The redemption price is generally equal to original purchase price of the Series A Preferred Stock plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon, and in certain circumstances, also includes a “make-whole” payment. Our obligations to the holders of Preferred Stock could also limit our ability to obtain additional financing or increase our borrowing costs, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition. The preferential rights could also result in divergent interests between the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and our common stockholders. If we elect to redeem all or a portion of the Series A Preferred Stock, our liquidity, financial condition, and amount of cash available for working capital, capital expenditures, growth opportunities, acquisitions, and other general corporate purposes would be adversely affected.

The Series A Preferred Stock may be converted at any time at the option of the holder into shares of our Common Stock. The conversion price of the Series A Preferred Stock is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, including in the event of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or similar event. Adjustments to the conversion price could dilute the ownership interest of our common stockholders. Any conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock may significantly dilute our common stockholders and adversely affect both our net income per share and the market price of our common stock.

The holders of Series A Preferred Stock have consent rights over the issuance of any equity securities senior or pari passu with the Series A Preferred Stock; any amendments to the Amended and Restated Charter that would adversely affect the rights, preferences or privileges of the Series A Preferred Stock; payment of dividends; mergers, consolidations, or a sale of substantially all of our assets and liquidations, dissolutions and winding up, in certain cases, unless we satisfy certain conditions. Otherwise, holders of the Series A Preferred Stock have no voting rights with respect to the election of directors or other matters submitted for a vote of holders of our Common Stock.

A small number of Bridger’s stockholders could significantly influence its business.

As of the Closing, the executive officers of Bridger and Mr. Matthew Sheehy (a co-founder and director of Bridger and the brother of Mr. Timothy Sheehy, the Bridger CEO), collectively beneficially owned 41.4% of the outstanding Common Stock, assuming no shares of Series A Preferred Stock have been converted. As a result, Bridger will have a small number of significant stockholders who could significantly influence its business and operations.

 

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In addition, the BTO Stockholders collectively beneficially owned 22.0% (assuming no shares of Series A Preferred Stock have been converted) of the outstanding Common Stock as of the Closing. The BTO Stockholders may also exercise influence over the business through their rights under the Stockholder Agreement, pursuant to which, among other matters, the BTO stockholders can nominate up to two (2) directors for election to the Board and require at least one director nominated by the BTO Stockholders to be included on any committee of the Board, in each case subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Stockholders Agreement.

As indicated above, Bridger has a few significant stockholders who own a substantial percentage of the outstanding Common Stock following the Business Combination. These few significant stockholders, either individually or acting together, will be able to exercise significant influence over matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of Bridger or its assets. In addition, Bridger’s executive officers and Mr. Matthew Sheehy collectively beneficially own a majority of the outstanding Common Stock (assuming no shares of Series A Preferred Stock have been converted) and may be able to control the outcome of most matters submitted to Bridger’s stockholders for a stockholder vote, including director elections. This concentration of ownership may make it more difficult for other stockholders to effect substantial changes in Bridger, may have the effect of delaying, preventing or expediting, as the case may be, a change in control of Bridger and may adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock. Further, the possibility that one or more of these significant stockholders may sell all or a large portion of their Common Stock in a short period of time could adversely affect the trading price of our Common Stock. The interests of these significant stockholders may not be in the best interests of all stockholders.

For additional information about the holdings of certain of our beneficial owners, see the section of this prospectus entitled “Principal Stockholders.”

If our estimates or judgments relating to its critical accounting policies prove to be incorrect or financial reporting standards or interpretations change, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. We will base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events, and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, as provided in the section of this prospectus entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.” The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant assumptions and estimates used in preparing our financial statements include: (a) excess and aging aircraft support parts reserves, (b) allowance for doubtful accounts, (c) useful lives of property, plant and equipment, net (d) impairment of long-lived assets, goodwill and other intangible assets, (e) disclosure of fair value of financial instruments, (f) variable interest entities, (g) accounting for Legacy Bridger Series A Preferred Shares, Legacy Bridger Series B Preferred Shares and Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares, (h) revenue recognition,(i) estimates and assumptions made in determining the carrying values of goodwill and other intangible assets and (j) incentive units. Our results of operations may be adversely affected if our assumptions change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our assumptions, which could cause its results of operations to fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the trading price of our Common Stock.

Additionally, we will regularly monitor its compliance with applicable financial reporting standards and review new pronouncements and drafts thereof that are relevant to it. As a result of new standards, changes to existing standards and changes in their interpretation, we might be required to change its accounting policies, alter its operational policies, and implement new or enhance existing systems so that they reflect new or amended financial reporting standards, or we may be required to restate its published financial statements. Such changes to existing standards or changes in their interpretation may have an adverse effect on its reputation, business, financial position, and profit.

 

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If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about us or publish negative reports, then the price of our securities and trading volumes could decline.

The trading market for our Common Stock and Warrants will depend, in part, on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us. We do not have any control over these analysts. If our financial performance fails to meet analyst estimates or one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our Common Stock or change their opinion, then the trading prices of our securities would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause the trading prices of our securities or trading volume to decline.

We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our Common Stock, and, consequently, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation, if any, in the price of our Common Stock.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our Common Stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings for the development, operation and expansion of the business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any return to stockholders will therefore be limited to the appreciation of their stock. There is no guarantee that shares of our Common Stock will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which stockholders have purchased their shares.

Volatility in our share price could subject us to securities class action litigation.

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a decline in the market price of its securities. If we face such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could harm our business.

Future sales, or the perception of future sales, of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock and Warrants, by us or our stockholders in the public market may cause the price of our Common Stock and Warrants to decline. The securities being offered for resale in this prospectus represent a substantial percentage of our outstanding Common Stock, and the sales of such securities, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline significantly.

If we or our existing stockholders sell, or indicate an intention to sell, substantial amounts of shares of our Common Stock or Warrants in the public market, the trading price of our Common Stock or Warrants could decline. In addition, the perception that such sales could occur, could harm the prevailing market price of shares of our Common Stock or Warrants. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate and to raise additional funds through future offerings of our shares of Common Stock or other securities.

In addition, subject to certain exceptions, the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement provide for certain restrictions on transfer with respect to our securities, including founder shares, Private Placement Warrants, and securities held by directors and officers of JCIC and Bridger and certain equity holders of Bridger. Such restrictions began on the Closing Date and will end (i) with respect to the founder shares and shares held by certain equity holders of Bridger (other than the BTO Stockholders), at the earliest of (A) one year after the Closing Date and (B) the first date on which (x) the last reported sale price of a share of our Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after the Closing Date or (y) JCIC completing a liquidation, merger, share exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in our stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of Common Stock for cash, securities or other property; (ii) with respect to the Private Placement Warrants, that are held by the initial purchasers of such warrants (or permitted transferees under the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement), and any of the shares of our Common Stock issued or issuable upon the exercise or conversion of such warrants and that are held by the initial purchasers of the applicable warrants being converted (or permitted transferees under the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement), the period ending 30 days after the closing and (iii) with respect to the shares held by BTO Stockholders, at the earliest of (A) six months after the Closing Date and (B) the first date on which (x) the last reported sale price of a share of our

 

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Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period or (y) Bridger completing a liquidation, merger, share exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in our stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of our Common Stock for cash, securities or other property. Additionally, we may agree to waive and release the holders of our securities from the applicable restrictions on transfer under the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, or to amend the duration of such restrictions on transfer.

If we agree to waive and release our equityholders subject to lock-up restrictions, or as any restrictions on resale end or following the expiration of the applicable lock-up period, such equityholders will not be restricted from selling shares of our Common Stock held by them, other than by applicable securities laws. As restrictions on resale end, lock-up periods expire or the restrictions described above are otherwise waived, and registration statements (filed after the Closing Date to provide for the resale of such shares from time to time) are available for use, the sale or possibility of sale of these shares could have the effect of increasing the volatility in the share price of our Common Stock or the market price of our Common Stock and Warrants could decline if the holders of currently restricted shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to raise additional funds through future offerings of Common Stock or other securities.

In addition, this prospectus relates to the offer and sale from time to time by the Selling Holders or their permitted transferees, of (a) up to 120,277,192 shares of Common Stock, consisting of (i) up to 102,322,388 Legacy Bridger Consideration Shares, inclusive of up to 63,240,644 shares of Common Stock that may be issuable upon the conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock; (ii) up to 5,951,615 D&O RSUs Shares; (iii) up to 2,488,189 Founder Shares; (iv) up to 115,000 Note Shares; and (v) up to 9,400,000 PPW Shares and (b) up to 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants. The Common Stock and Private Placement Warrants being offered for resale in this prospectus represent a substantial percentage of our total outstanding securities as of the date of this prospectus. The shares of Common Stock that the Selling Holders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus is up to (a) 120,277,192 shares of Common Stock, constituting approximately 84.5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock and approximately 254.5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock held by non-affiliates (assuming, in each case, the exercise of all of our Warrants, the vesting and settlement of the outstanding restricted stock units, and the conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock) and (b) 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants constituting approximately 35.3% of our issued and outstanding Warrants. As a result, significant near-term resale of shares or of our Common Stock pursuant to this prospectus could have a significant, negative impact on the trading price of our shares of Common Stock and Warrants since the number of shares of Common Stock that the Selling Holders can sell into the public markets pursuant to this prospectus would constitute a considerable increase to our current public float. This impact may be heightened by the fact that certain of the Selling Holders purchased shares of our Common Stock at prices that are well below the current trading price of our Common Stock, as described in the risk factors below entitled “The Selling Holders purchased the securities covered by this prospectus at different prices, some significantly below the current trading price of such securities, and some Selling Holders received such securities without any consideration, and may therefore make substantial profits upon resales even if the current trading price of our Common Stock is at or significantly below the price at which the units were issued in the JCIC IPO.” and “The Selling Holders can earn a positive return on their investment, even if other securityholders experience a negative rate of return on their investment in the post-Business Combination company.”

The sale of all or a substantial portion of the Common Stock and Private Placement Warrants being offered for resale in this prospectus, or the perception that these sales could occur, could result in a significant decline in the public trading price of our Common Stock and Warrants.

Warrants are exercisable for our Common Stock, and if exercised, will increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders.

Outstanding Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 26,650,000 shares of our Common Stock became exercisable in accordance with the terms of the Warrant Agreement governing those securities. These Warrants

 

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became exercisable commencing on February 23, 2023 (30 days after the completion of the Business Combination). The exercise price of these Warrants is $11.50 per share, subject to certain potential future adjustments. To the extent such warrants are exercised, additional shares of our Common Stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to our holders and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market or the fact that the Warrants may be exercised could adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock. The price of our Common Stock may remain below $11.50 until expiration of the Warrant exercise period and as such, the Warrants may expire worthless. See the section of this prospectus entitled “— The price of our Common Stock may remain below $11.50 until expiration of the Warrant exercise period, and the Warrants may expire worthless and the terms of the Warrants may be amended in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 65% of the (i) the then-outstanding Public Warrants and/or (ii) the then-outstanding Private Placement Warrants, as applicable approve of such amendment.”

The price of our Common Stock may remain below $11.50 until expiration of the Warrant exercise period, and the Warrants may expire worthless and the terms of the Warrants may be amended in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 65% of the (i) then-outstanding Public Warrants and/or (ii) the then-outstanding Private Placement Warrants, as applicable, approve of such amendment.

As of the date of this prospectus, the exercise price for our Warrants is $11.50 per share of Common Stock. On April 6, 2023, the closing price of our Common Stock on Nasdaq was $4.58 per share. For so long as the market price of our Common Stock is below the exercise price of our Warrants ($11.50 per share), our Warrants remain “out-of-the-money,” and our Warrant Holders are unlikely to cash exercise their Warrants, resulting in little or no cash proceeds to us. There can be no assurance that our Warrants will be in the money prior to their January 24, 2028 expiration date, and therefore, we may not receive any proceeds from the exercise of Warrants to fund our operations.

In addition, the Warrants were issued in registered form under the Existing Warrant Agreement, dated January 26, 2021, by and between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Warrant Agent, and JCIC, which was assumed by the Company by virtue of the Warrant Assumption Agreement, dated January 24, 2023, the Company. The Warrant Agreement provides that the terms of the Warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision but requires the approval by the holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants to make any other change that affects the interests of the registered holders of Public Warrants. Accordingly, we may amend the terms of the Public Warrants in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants approve of such amendment.

Although our ability to amend the terms of the Public Warrants with the consent of at least 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants is unlimited, examples of such amendments could be amendments to, among other things, increase the exercise price of the Warrants, shorten the exercise period or decrease the number of shares of our Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of a Warrant.

We may redeem your unexpired Warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to you, thereby making your Warrants worthless.

We have the ability to redeem the outstanding Warrants at any time and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per warrant if, among other things, the last reported sale price of our Common Stock for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we send the notice of redemption to the warrant holders (the “Reference Value”) equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, rights issuances, subdivisions, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like). If and when the Warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. As a result, we may redeem the Warrants as set forth above even if the holders are otherwise unable to exercise the Warrants.

 

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Redemption of the outstanding Warrants as described above could force you to: (i) exercise your Warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for you to do so; (ii) sell your Warrants at the then-current market price when you might otherwise wish to hold your Warrants; or (iii) accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding Warrants are called for redemption, we expect would be substantially less than the market value of your Warrants.

In addition, we have the ability to redeem the outstanding Warrants at any time and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.10 per Warrant if, among other things, the Reference Value equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, rights issuances, subdivisions, reorganization, recapitalizations and the like). In such case, the holders will be able to exercise their Warrants prior to the redemption for a number of shares of our Common Stock determined based on the redemption date and the fair market value of our Common Stock.

We have no obligation to notify holders of the Warrants that they have become eligible for redemption. However, pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, in the event we decide to redeem the Warrants, we are required to mail notice of such redemption to the registered warrant holders not less than 30 days prior to the redemption date. The Warrants may be exercised any time after notice of redemption is given and prior to the redemption date. None of the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by us so long as they are held by JCIC Sponsor or its permitted transferees; provided the Private Placement Warrants may be redeemed in accordance with the Warrant Agreement (and must be redeemed if the Public Warrants are being redeemed) if the Reference Value equals or exceeds $10.00 per share and does not equal or exceed $18.00 per share.

The exclusive forum clause set forth in the Warrant Agreement may have the effect of limiting an investor’s rights to bring legal action against us and could limit the investor’s ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.

The Warrant Agreement provides that (i) any action, proceeding or claim against us arising out of or relating in any way to the Warrant Agreement will be brought and enforced in the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and (ii) we irrevocably submit to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction will be exclusive. We have waived or will waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. We note, however, that there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce these provisions and that investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for state and federal courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, these provisions of the Warrant Agreement will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal district courts of the United States of America are the sole and exclusive forum. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of the Warrants shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in the Warrant Agreement. If any action, the subject matter of which is within the scope of the forum provisions of the Warrant Agreement, is filed in a court other than a court of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (a “foreign action”) in the name of any holder of the Warrants such holder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum provisions (an “enforcement action”), and (y) having service of process made upon such warrant holder in any such enforcement action by service upon such warrant holder’s counsel in the foreign action as agent for such warrant holder.

This choice-of-forum provision may limit a warrant holder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us, which may discourage such lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find

 

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this provision of the Warrant Agreement inapplicable or unenforceable with respect to one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and result in a diversion of the time and resources of our management and board of directors.

The Selling Holders purchased the securities covered by this prospectus at different prices, some significantly below the current trading price of such securities, and some Selling Holders received such securities without any consideration, and may therefore make substantial profits upon resales even if the current trading price of our Common Stock is at or significantly below the price at which the units were issued in the JCIC IPO.

The Selling Holders, or their permitted transferees, may sell under this prospectus: (a) up to 120,277,192 shares of Common Stock, consisting of (i) up to 102,322,388 Legacy Bridger Consideration Shares issued or issuable to the direct and indirect equityholders of Legacy Bridger in connection with the Business Combination at an implied equity consideration value of $10.00 per share of Common Stock, inclusive of up to 63,240,644 shares of Common Stock that may be issuable upon the conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock; (ii) up to 5,951,615 D&O RSUs Shares issuable to the holders of restricted stock units that were issued by Legacy Bridger and assumed by the Company in connection with the Closing, which were granted at no cost to the recipients thereof; (iii) up to 2,488,189 Founder Shares that were originally issued in a private placement to JCIC Sponsor prior to the JCIC IPO (75,000 of which were subsequently transferred by the JCIC Sponsor to independent directors of JCIC), which were acquired at a purchase price equivalent to approximately $0.003 per share; (iv) up to 115,000 Note Shares originally issued at the Closing in full consideration of the outstanding $1,150,000 loan balance under the Promissory Note for an equivalent purchase price of $10.00 per share; and (v) up to 9,400,000 PPW Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants at an exercise price of $11.50 per share and (b) up to 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants originally acquired by JCIC Sponsor in connection with the JCIC IPO for $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant. Based on the closing price of our Common Stock of $4.58 and of our Warrants of $0.163 per Warrant, in each case on April 6, 2023 and the effective purchase prices set forth in the paragraph above, (i) the holders of the Legacy Bridger Consideration Shares may experience a potential loss of $5.42 per share of our Common Stock (or ($554,587,342.96) in the aggregate); (ii) the holders of the D&O RSUs Shares may experience a potential profit of $4.58 per share of our Common Stock (or $27,258,396.70 in the aggregate); (iii) the holders of the Founder Shares may experience a potential profit of approximately of $4.58 per share of our Common Stock (or $11,388,693.48 in the aggregate); (iv) the holders of the Note Shares may experience a potential loss of $5.42 per share of our Common Stock (or ($623,300.00) in the aggregate); (v) the holders of the PPW Shares may experience a potential loss of $6.92 per share of our Common Stock (or ($65,048,000.00) in the aggregate); and (vi) the holders of the Private Placement Warrants may experience a potential loss of ($0.837) per Private Placement Warrant (or ($7,867,800.00) in the aggregate). In comparison, a public shareholder who holds shares of Common Stock originally purchased as part of a JCIC Unit for $10.00 per unit at the JCIC IPO may experience a loss of $5.42 per share of Common Stock based on the closing price of our Common Stock of $4.58 on April 6, 2023. Therefore, even if the current trading price of our Common Stock is at or significantly below the price at which the JCIC Units were issued in the JCIC IPO, certain of the Selling Holders, including JCIC Sponsor, may have an incentive to sell because they will still profit on sales due to the lower price at which they purchased their shares compared to the public equityholders, which could result in a significant decline in the public trading price of our securities. For further information about how the sales of our Resale Securities could decrease our stock price, see the section of this prospectus above entitled "Risk Factors — Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities — Future sales, or the perception of future sales, of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock, by us or our stockholders in the public market may cause the price of our Common Stock and Warrants to decline. The securities being offered for resale in this prospectus represent a substantial percentage of our outstanding Common Stock, and the sales of such securities, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline significantly.”

 

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The Selling Holders can earn a positive return on their investment, even if other securityholders experience a negative rate of return on their investment in the post-Business Combination company.

The Selling Holders acquired the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus at prices ranging from $0.003 per share to $10.00 per share of Common Stock. By comparison, the offering price to public shareholders in the JCIC IPO was $10.00 per unit, which consisted of one share and one-half of one JCIC Warrant. Consequently, certain Selling Holders, including JCIC Sponsor, may realize a positive rate of return on the sale of their shares covered by this prospectus even if the market price per share of Common Stock is below $10.00 per share, in which case the public shareholders may experience a negative rate of return on their investment. For example, a Selling Holder who sells 1,000,000 Founder Shares (originally acquired for $0.003 per share) at a price per share of $4.58 per share (the closing price of our Common Stock on April 6, 2023) will earn a realized profit of $4,577,000.00, while a public stockholder who sells the same number of shares of Common Stock (which it originally acquired for $10.00 per share in the JCIC IPO) will experience a realized loss of $5,420,000.00. Therefore, public securityholders may not experience a similar rate of return on the securities they purchased due to differences in the purchase prices and the current trading price, and depending on the trading current prices, may experience a negative rate of return while certain Selling Holders can earn a positive rate of return.

In addition, because the current market price of our Common Stock, which was $4.58 per share at the closing on April 6, 2023, is higher than the effective purchase price certain of the Selling Holders, including JCIC Sponsor, paid for their shares of Common Stock (ranging from $0.003 per share to $10.00 per share) or the exercise price of the Warrants ($11.50 per share), there is more likelihood that Selling Holders holding shares of Common Stock or Warrants will sell their shares of Common Stock after the registration statement that includes this prospectus is declared effective (subject, in the case of certain Selling Holders, to compliance with contractual lock-up restrictions). Such sales, or the prospect of such sales, may have a material negative impact on the market price of our Common Stock. After the effectiveness of the registration statement that includes this prospectus, the 120,277,192 shares of Common Stock being offered for resale pursuant to this prospectus, which represent approximately 84.5% of our total outstanding shares of Common Stock on a fully diluted basis (inclusive of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, the vesting and settlement of the outstanding restricted stock units, and the conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock) will be able to be sold pursuant to such registration statement once the contractual lock-up restrictions that apply to such Selling Holders expire. For more details about the contractual lock-up restrictions applicable to certain Selling Holders as referred to above, see the section entitled “Securities Act Restrictions on Resale of Securities - Lock-up Provisions.”

General Risk Factors

The COVID-19 pandemic or other future global health emergencies may materially and adversely impact our business, operating results, financial condition and liquidity. If the impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic extend beyond our assumed timelines or new global health emergencies emerge, our actual results may vary significantly from our expectations.

In response to the spread of COVID-19, in 2020 the United States government, state governments, local governments, foreign governments and private industries took measures to limit social interactions in an effort to limit the spread of COVID-19, including “stay in place” orders for their residents. Although many of these restrictions have been lifted, the effects of the spread of COVID-19 and the government and private responses to the spread continue to rapidly evolve, including in response to new COVID-19 strains or other potential global health emergencies.

COVID-19 has caused significant disruptions to the global, national and State economy. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts the Company’s operations and their financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the duration of the outbreak and measures taken to address the outbreak. For example, as mentioned above, the carding and registration process for the first two Viking Air CL-415EAFs delivered to the Company were delayed by three months as a result of restrictions put in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

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In addition, the Viking Air CL-415EAF aircraft are produced at a manufacturer in Canada. Canada has highly specific COVID-19 safeguards and governmental orders in place (and may place more restrictions in place in the future) that could adversely affect the timing of delivery of future Viking Air CL-415EAF aircraft.

Net earnings and net assets could be materially affected by an impairment of goodwill.

We have, or in the future may have, a significant amount of goodwill recorded on our consolidated balance sheet. We are required at least annually to test the recoverability of goodwill. The recoverability test of goodwill is based on the current fair value of our identified reporting units. Fair value measurement requires assumptions and estimates of many critical factors, including revenue and market growth, operating cash flows and discount rates. If general market conditions deteriorate in portions of our business, we could experience a significant decline in the fair value of reporting units. This decline could lead to an impairment of all or a significant portion of the goodwill balance, which could materially affect our U.S. GAAP net earnings and net assets.

Changes in tax laws or regulations may increase tax uncertainty and adversely affect results of our operations and our effective tax rate.

The Company is subject to taxes in the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions. Due to economic and political conditions, tax rates in various jurisdictions, including the United States, may be subject to change. The Company’s future effective tax rates could be affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities and changes in tax laws or their interpretation. In addition, the Company may be or become subject to income tax audits by various tax jurisdictions. For example, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which was recently enacted, imposed a 1% excise tax on certain share repurchases by publicly traded corporations, which may apply to share repurchases by the Company in the future, and imposed a 15% minimum tax on certain large corporations. Although the Company believes its income tax liabilities are reasonably estimated and accounted for in accordance with applicable laws and principles, an adverse resolution by one or more taxing authorities could have a material impact on the results of its operations.

Certain U.S. state tax authorities may assert that we have a state nexus and seek to impose state and local income taxes which could harm our results of operations.

There is a risk that certain state tax authorities where we do not currently file a state income tax return could assert that we are liable for state and local income taxes based upon income or gross receipts allocable to such states. States are becoming increasingly aggressive in asserting a nexus for state income tax purposes. If a state tax authority successfully asserts that our activities give rise to a nexus, we could be subject to state and local taxation, including penalties and interest attributable to prior periods. Such tax assessments, penalties and interest may adversely impact our results of operations.

The Amended and Restated Charter requires, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware, which may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders.

The Amended and Restated Charter provides that, unless a majority of the Board of Directors, acting on behalf of Bridger, consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum (which consent may be given at any time, including during the pendency of litigation), the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, another state court located within the State of Delaware or, if no court located within the State of Delaware has jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware), to the fullest extent permitted by law, shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any of its directors,

 

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officers or other employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, the Amended and Restated Charter or the Amended and Restated Bylaws (in each case, as may be amended from time to time), (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers or other employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the State of Delaware or (v) any other action asserting an “internal corporate claim,” as defined in Section 115 of the DGCL, in all cases subject to the court’s having personal jurisdiction over all indispensable parties named as defendants. Unless a majority of the Board, acting on behalf of the Corporation, consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum (which consent may be given at any time, including during the pendency of litigation), the federal district courts of the United States of America, to the fullest extent permitted by law, shall be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any action asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.

We believe these provisions may benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law and federal securities laws by chancellors and judges, as applicable, particularly experienced in resolving corporate disputes, efficient administration of cases on a more expedited schedule relative to other forums and protection against the burdens of multi-forum litigation. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of the Amended and Restated Charter inapplicable or unenforceable with respect to one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and result in a diversion of the time and resources of our management and Board of Directors. For example, Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Accordingly, there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such a forum selection provision as written in connection with claims arising under the Securities Act.

We may be required to take write-downs or write-offs, restructuring and impairment or other charges that could have a significant negative effect on our financial condition, results of operations and the price of our securities, which could cause you to lose some or all of your investment.

Factors outside of our control may, at any time, arise. As a result of these factors, we may be forced to later write-down or write-off assets, restructure operations, or incur impairment or other charges that could result in reporting losses. Unexpected risks may arise, and previously known risks may materialize. Even though these charges may be non-cash items and therefore not have an immediate impact on our liquidity, we must report charges of this nature which could contribute to negative market perceptions about us or our securities. In addition, charges of this nature may cause us to be unable to obtain future financing on favorable terms or at all.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We are filing the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to permit the Selling Holders to resell their shares Common Stock and Warrants. All of the Common Stock and Warrants offered by the Selling Holders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the Selling Holders for their respective accounts. We will not receive any of the proceeds from these sales.

We would receive up to an aggregate of $306,475,000 from the exercise of the Warrants, assuming the exercise in full of all of the Warrants for cash. The Warrants include 9,400,000 Private Placement Warrants and 17,250,000 Public Warrants, each of which has an exercise price of $11.50 per share of Common Stock. We will have broad discretion over the use of proceeds from the exercise of the Warrants and expect to use any net proceeds received from the exercise of the Warrants for general corporate purposes. We believe the likelihood that Warrant Holders will exercise the Warrants, and therefore the amount of proceeds that we would receive from such exercises, depends on the trading price of our Common Stock. As of April 6, 2023, the closing price of our Common Stock was $4.58 per share. For so long as the market price of our Common Stock is below the exercise price of our Warrants ($11.50 per share), our Warrants remain “out-of-the-money,” and our Warrant Holders are unlikely to cash exercise their Warrants, resulting in little or no cash proceeds to us. There can be no assurance that our Warrants will be in the money prior to their January 24, 2028 expiration date, and therefore, we may not receive any proceeds from the exercise of Warrants to fund our operations. There is no assurance that the holders of the Warrants will elect to exercise any or all of such Warrants. To the extent that any of the Warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” we will not receive any proceeds upon such exercise.

The Selling Holders will pay any underwriting fees, discounts and selling commissions incurred by such Selling Holders in disposing of their shares of Common Stock. Pursuant to the Registration Right Agreement, we agreed to bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the shares of Common Stock covered by this prospectus, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, Nasdaq listing fees and reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and independent registered public accountants.

 

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DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE

The offering price of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrants offered hereby is determined by reference to the exercise price of the Warrants of $11.50 per share. The Public Warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “BAERW.”

We cannot currently determine the price or prices at which shares of Common Stock may be sold by the Selling Holders under this prospectus.

 

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MARKET INFORMATION FOR COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY

Market Information

Our Common Stock and Warrants are currently listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “BAER” and “BAERW,” respectively. Prior to the consummation of the Business Combination, the JCIC Units, JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares and the JCIC Warrants were listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “JCICU,” “JCIC,” and “JCICW,” respectively.

As of April 6, 2023, after the Business Combination, there were 30 holders of record of our Common Stock and 2 holders of record of our Warrants.

Dividend Policy

The Company has not paid any cash dividends on our Common Stock, Series A Preferred Stock or the Warrants to date. Any determination to pay cash dividends or to institute a dividend policy will be at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) and will depend upon a number of factors, including the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, future prospects, contractual restrictions, covenants in the agreements governing current and future indebtedness, industry trends, restrictions imposed by applicable law and other factors the Board deems relevant. It is the Company’s present intention to retain any future earnings for the development, operation and expansion of the business, and the Company does not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends on our Common Stock for the foreseeable future.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends from the Company to be paid twice a year, in cash or, at the election of the Company, by increasing the per share liquidation preference for such shares of Series A Preferred Stock (such liquidation preference is equal to the initial issuance price plus all accrued and unpaid dividends, whether or not declared). The dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock accrue daily and are computed on the basis of a 365-day year, at a compounding rate initially anticipated to be 7.00% per annum. Such rate will increase to 9.00% per for the period from (and including) April 25, 2028 to (but excluding) April 25, 2029 and eventually will increase to 11.00% per annum from and after April 25, 2029 and subject to further increase upon the occurrence of certain events. No dividends shall be paid or payable to any other holders of the Company’s capital stock unless and until the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock have received cumulative distributions equal to the aggregate liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock. For more information see the section of this prospectus entitled “Description of Securities – Preferred Stock – Series A Preferred Stock.”

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under the Omnibus Incentive Plan and the ESPP

In connection with the Business Combination, Legacy Bridger’s stockholders adopted the 2023 Omnibus Plan on January 23, 2023. Bridger assumed and adopted the Omnibus Plan and adopted the ESPP, which actions were approved by JCIC’s shareholders on January 24, 2023. Bridger intends to file one (1) or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register the Common Stock issuable under the 2023 Omnibus Plan and the ESPP. Any such Form S-8 registration statement will become effective automatically upon filing. Once these shares are registered, they can be sold in the public market upon issuance, subject to applicable restrictions.

On January 24, 2023, at an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders of JCIC (the “Shareholder Meeting”), the shareholders of JCIC considered and approved and assumed the Omnibus Incentive Plan and approved the ESPP. On the Closing Date, we assumed the Omnibus Incentive Plan and the ESPP became effective.

The Omnibus Incentive Plan reserves for issuance of 15,099,137 shares of Common Stock. Additionally, the Omnibus Incentive Plan provides that the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock available under the

 

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Omnibus Incentive Plan shall automatically be increased on the first day of each fiscal year following the effective date of the Omnibus Incentive Plan, by the lesser of (i) 2% of outstanding shares of Common Stock on the last business day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (ii) such smaller number of shares as determined by the Board.

The ESPP reserves for issuance 1,006,609 shares of Common Stock. The ESPP provides that the number of shares reserved and available for sale thereunder will increase automatically on the first day of each fiscal year following the effective date of the ESPP, by the lesser of (i) 1% of the outstanding shares of our Common Stock on the last business day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (ii) such smaller number of shares as determined by the Board; provided that the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the ESPP in any event shall be 10,066,091 shares (subject to any adjustment in accordance with Section 18 of the ESPP).

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Defined terms included below have the same meaning as terms defined and included elsewhere in this prospectus, except as set forth in the following sentence. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “Bridger” refer to the new public entity and its wholly-owned subsidiaries after giving effect to the Business Combination.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information of Bridger has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X, as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786 and presents the combination of the historical financial information of JCIC and Legacy Bridger adjusted to give effect to the Business Combination, other related events contemplated by the Transaction Agreements (“Other Related Events”) and other financing and reorganization events (“Other Financing and Reorganization Events”).

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 combines the historical audited consolidated balance sheet of JCIC as of December 31, 2022 (as restated) with the historical audited consolidated balance sheet of Legacy Bridger as of December 31, 2022 on a pro forma basis as if the Business Combination and Other Related Events, summarized below, had been consummated on December 31, 2022.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 combine the historical audited consolidated statements of operations of JCIC for the year ended December 31, 2022 (as restated) and the historical audited consolidated statements of operations of Legacy Bridger for the year ended December 31, 2022, on a pro forma basis as if each of the Business Combination, Other Related Events and Other Financing and Reorganization Events summarized below had been consummated on January 1, 2022, the beginning of the earliest period presented.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information was derived from and should be read in conjunction with the following historical financial statements and the accompanying notes, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus:

 

•

the historical audited financial statements of JCIC for the year ended December 31, 2022 (as restated);

 

•

the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Bridger for the year ended December 31, 2022; and

 

•

other information relating to JCIC and Legacy Bridger included in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information should also be read together with the section of this prospectus entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Description of the Business Combination

Pursuant to the Transaction Agreements, JCIC formed Bridger, which has in turn formed and held four new entities—Wildfire Merger Sub I, Wildfire Merger Sub II, Wildfire Merger Sub III and Wildfire GP Sub IV. Subsequently, (i) Wildfire Merger Sub I merged with and into Blocker with Blocker being the surviving entity and Wildfire GP Sub IV becoming general partner of Blocker, (ii) Wildfire Merger Sub II merged with and into JCIC, with JCIC being the surviving entity and (iii) Wildfire Merger Sub III merged with and into Bridger, with Bridger being the surviving entity. As a result of the Business Combination, Blocker, JCIC and Legacy Bridger are subsidiaries of Bridger and JCIC shareholders and Legacy Bridger Equityholders converted their equity ownership in JCIC and Legacy Bridger, respectively, into equity ownership in Bridger.

 

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Upon the consummation of the Business Combination, Bridger issued to the Legacy Bridger Equityholders Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock as summarized below:

 

•

the surrender and exchange of all 606,061 Legacy Bridger incentive units into 583,308 shares of Common Stock at a deemed value of $10.00 per share as adjusted by the Per Share Common Stock Consideration;

 

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the direct or indirect surrender and exchange of the remaining 40,000,000 issued and outstanding shares of Legacy Bridger Common Shares (excluding Legacy Bridger incentive units) into 38,498,436 shares of Common Stock at a deemed value of $10.00 per share as adjusted by the Per Share Common Stock Consideration; and

 

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the surrender and exchange of all 315,789.473684 issued and outstanding shares of Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares into 315,789.473684 shares of Series A Preferred Stock.

Other Related Events

Other Related Events occurred in connection with the Business Combination, are summarized below:

 

•

the filing and effectiveness of the Amended and Restated Charter and the effectiveness of the Amended and Restated Bylaws, each of which occurred immediately prior to the Effective Time and the Closing;

 

•

the adoption and assumption of the Omnibus Incentive Plan and any grants or awards issued thereunder and adoption of the ESPP upon the Closing to grant equity awards to Bridger employees; and

 

•

during the Earnout Period following the Closing, JCIC Sponsor subjected 20% of JCIC Sponsor’s issued and outstanding Common Stock (Sponsor Earnout Shares), comprised of two separate tranches of 50% of the Sponsor Earnout Shares per tranche, to potential forfeiture to Bridger for no consideration until the occurrence (or deemed occurrence) of the respective Sponsor Triggering Events. As the Sponsor Triggering Event has not yet been achieved, these issued and outstanding Sponsor Earnout Shares are treated as contingently recallable in the pro forma condensed combined financial information.

Other Financing and Reorganization Events

Other Financing and Reorganization Events consummated by Legacy Bridger that are reflected in the historical financial information of Legacy Bridger and are considered material transactions separate from the Business Combination are summarized below:

 

•

the redemptions and cancellations in April 2022 of all 60,000,000 issued and outstanding Legacy Bridger Series B Preferred Shares in exchange of $70.0 million payment to the holders of Legacy Bridger Series B Preferred Shares from the proceeds of the issuance of the Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares;

 

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the issuance of Series 2022 Bonds in August 2022 in exchange for net proceeds of $155.8 million used for the redemption of Series 2021 Bond at a redemption price equal to 103% of the principal amount with the payment of accrued interest totaling $7.7 million and the full redemptions of the Legacy Bridger Series A Preferred Shares; and

 

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the redemptions and cancellations in April and August 2022 of all 10,500,000 issued and outstanding Legacy Bridger Series A Preferred Shares in exchange of $236.3 million payment to the holders of Legacy Bridger Series A Preferred Shares from the proceeds of the issuance of the Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares and Series 2022 Bonds.

 

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Accounting Treatment of the Business Combination

The Business Combination will be accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, JCIC will be treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of Bridger represent a continuation of the financial statements of Legacy Bridger with the Business Combination treated as the equivalent of Legacy Bridger issuing stock for the net assets of JCIC, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of JCIC will be stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination will be those of Legacy Bridger in future reports of Bridger.

Legacy Bridger has been determined to be the accounting acquirer based on evaluation of the following facts and circumstances:

 

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Legacy Bridger Equityholders have a relative majority of the voting power of Bridger;

 

•

Legacy Bridger was significantly larger than JCIC by total assets and total cash and cash equivalents as of the Closing;

 

•

The Board has nine (9) members, and representatives or designees of the Legacy Bridger Equityholders comprise the majority of the members of the Board;

 

•

Legacy Bridger’s senior management comprise the senior management roles and be responsible for the day-to-day operations of Bridger;

 

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Bridger will assume Legacy Bridger’s name of business;

 

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The strategy and operations of Bridger continue Legacy Bridger’s former strategy and operations; and

 

•

The Business Combination created an operating public company, with management continuing to use Legacy Bridger operations to grow the business.

The Sponsor Earnout Shares are determined to be equity classified instruments of Bridger and the JCIC Warrants are determined to remain liability classified instruments as the Warrants upon the Closing.

Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X, as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786. The adjustments in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information have been identified and presented to provide relevant information in accordance with GAAP necessary for an illustrative understanding of Bridger upon consummation of the Business Combination. Assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited pro forma adjustments set forth in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information are described in the accompanying notes.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results and financial position that would have been achieved had the Business Combination occurred on the dates indicated and does not reflect adjustments for any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies, tax savings or cost savings. Any cash proceeds remaining after the consummation of the Business Combination, Other Related Events and Other Financing and Reorganization Events are expected to be used for general corporate purposes. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not purport to project the future operating results or financial position of Bridger following the completion of the Business Combination. The unaudited pro forma adjustments represent management’s estimates based on information available as of the date of these unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and are subject to change as additional information becomes available and analyses are performed. JCIC and Legacy Bridger have not had any historical relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

 

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Pursuant to the organizational documents of JCIC, JCIC’s public shareholders were given the opportunity to elect to redeem their public shares in connection with the Closing for cash even if they approved the Business Combination. 34,245,643 JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares were redeemed.

The following summarizes the pro forma fully-diluted Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately after the Business Combination based on Bridger’s capitalization as of January 24, 2023, assuming (i) no additional issuance of Bridger equity and (ii) holders of Series A Preferred Stock exercise their conversion rights at a conversion price of $11.00 per share:

 

		Number of Shares				% Ownership
Founder and Bridger Management(1)			29,457,134				27.4%
BTO Stockholders(1)			9,624,610				9.0%
Series C Shareholders(2)			30,421,512				28.3%
Public Shareholders			2,084,357				1.9%
Sponsor(3)			2,528,189				2.3%
Independent directors of JCIC			75,000				0.1%
New Award Grants(4)			6,581,496				6.1%
Public Warrants			17,250,000				16.1%
Private Placement Warrants			9,400,000				8.8%
Total			107,422,298				100.0	%

 

(1)	Represents shares of Common Stock issued at the Closing to the Legacy Bridger Equityholders.

(2)

The 315,789.473684 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued in exchange of Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares are convertible at the election of the holders of Series A Preferred Stock to Common Stock based on the Series A Preferred Stated Value and the conversion price of $11.00 per share of Common Stock.

(3)

855,000 shares held by the Sponsor are subject to foreiture if the applicable Triggering Event does not occur during the Earnout Period. The 2,528,189 shares owned by the Sponsor consist of (i) 115,000 shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of the previously outstanding balance on the Promissory Note of approximately $1.2 million between JCIC and JCIC Sponsor at the Closing and (ii) 2,413,189 Founder Shares (which represent the remaining balance of Founder Shares held by JCIC Sponsor after taking into account the transfer of 75,000 shares to independent directors of JCIC prior to the JCIC IPO, forfeitures of 4,306,811 shares owned by the JCIC Sponsor at the Closing as a result of the Trust Amount being less than $20.0 million, per the JCIC Sponsor Agreement, and donations to charitable organizations of 1,830,000 JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares prior to the Closing).

(4)	Includes grants under the Omnibus Incentive Plan granted prior to the Closing.

If the actual facts are different from these assumptions, then the amounts and shares outstanding in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information will be different and those changes could be material.

 

54

Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2022

(in thousands)

 

		Historical JCIC				Historical Legacy Bridger				Business Combination and Other Related Events				Notes				Pro Forma Combined
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$	90			$	30,162			$	2,583				A			$	13,159
			—				—				(19,676	)			B				—
Investments in marketable securities			—				54,980				—								54,980
Accounts receivable			—				29				—								29
Restricted cash			—				12,297				—								12,297
Aircraft support parts			—				1,761				—								1,761
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			29				1,836				2,856				B				4,721
Deferred offering costs			—				5,800				(5,800	)			B				—
Total current assets			119				106,865				(20,037	)							86,947
Investments held in Trust Account			350,048				—				(350,048	)			A				—
Property, plant and equipment, net			—				192,091				—								192,091
Intangible assets, net			—				208				—								208
Goodwill			—				2,458				—								2,458
Other noncurrent assets			—				4,357				—								4,357
Total assets		$	350,167			$	305,979			$	(370,085	)						$	286,061
Liabilities, Mezzanine Equity and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable		$	8,143			$	3,170			$	(6,959	)			B			$	4,354
Operating right-of-use current liability			—				21				—				B				21
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities			—				16,483				(751	)			B				15,732
Current portion of long-term debt			—				2,446				—								2,446
Convertible Note-related party			747				—				(747	)			C				—
Total current liabilities			8,890				22,120				(8,457	)							22,553
Warrant liabilities			5,597				—				—								5,597
Deferred underwriting fee payable			5,038				—				(5,038	)			B				—
Operating right-of-use noncurrent liability			—				755				—								755
Long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs			—				205,472				—								205,472
Long-term accrued expenses and other noncurrent liabilities			—				46				—								46
Total liabilities			19,525				228,393				(13,495	)							234,423
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Mezzanine Equity
JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption			350,048				—				(350,048	)			A				—
Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares			—				489,022				(489,022	)			D				—
Bridger Series A Preferred Stock			—				—				331,134				D				331,134
Stockholders’ (deficit) equity
Common Stock			—				—				—				C				5
			—				—				4				D				—
			—				—				1				E				—
			—				—				0				F				—
JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares			1				—				(1	)			E				—
Accumulated other comprehensive income			—				1,678				—								1,678
Accumulated deficit			(19,407	)			(413,114	)			(616	)			B				(435,126	)
			—				—				(22,011	)			F				—
			—				—				20,022				G				—
Additional paid-in capital			—				—				2,583				A				153,947
			—				—				(9,256	)			B				—
			—				—				747				C				—
			—				—				157,884				D				—
			—				—				—				E				—
			—				—				22,011				F				—
			—				—				(20,022	)			G				—
Total stockholders’ (deficit) equity			(19,406	)			(411,436	)			151,346								(279,496	)
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and stockholders’ (deficit) equity		$	350,167			$	305,979			$	(370,085)							$	286,061

 

55

Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations

for the Year Ended December 31, 2022

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

		Historical JCIC				Historical Legacy Bridger				Other Financing and Reorganization Events				Notes				Business Combination and Other Related Events				Notes				Pro Forma Combined
Revenue		$	—			$	46,388			$	—							$	—							$	46,388
Cost of revenues:
Flight operations			—				18,762				—								—								18,762
Maintenance			—				15,124				—								—								15,124
Total cost of revenues			—				33,886				—								—								33,886
Gross profit			—				12,502				—								—								12,502
Operating and formation costs			8,786				—				—								—								8,786
General and administrative			—				35,128				—								1,092				EE				79,940
			—				—				—								43,720				FF				—
Operating loss			(8,786	)			(22,626	)			—								(44,812)								(76,224)
Interest expense			—				(20,018	)			3,587				AA				—								(23,147	)
			—				—				(10,896	)			BB				—								—
			—				—				261				CC				—								—
			—				—				3,919				DD				—								—
Other income			—				522				845				CC				—								1,367
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities			8,789				—				—								—								8,789
Gain on forgiveness of deferred underwriting fee payable			479				—				—								(479	)			GG				—
Change in fair value of Convertible Note-related party			92				—				—								(92	)			HH				—
Interest earned on investments held in Trust Account			4,979				—				—								(4,979	)			II				—
Net income (loss)		$	5,553			$	(42,122)			$	(2,284)							$	(50,362	)						$	(89,215	)
Net income attributable to JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption per share – basic and diluted		$	0.13
Weighted average shares outstanding of JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption – basic and diluted			34,500,000
Net income attributable to JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares – basic and diluted		$	0.13
Weighted average shares outstanding of JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares – basic and diluted			8,625,000
Net loss attributable to common shareholders—basic and diluted						$	(328,291	)
Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders—basic and diluted						$	(8.15	)
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic and diluted							40,287,478
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders—basic and diluted																										$	(5.05	)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding—basic and diluted																											43,769,290

 

56

Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

1. Basis of Presentation

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, JCIC is treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of Bridger represents a continuation of the financial statements of Legacy Bridger with the Business Combination treated as the equivalent of Legacy Bridger issuing stock for the net assets of JCIC, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of JCIC are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination are presented as those of Legacy Bridger in future reports of Bridger.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination and Other Related Events as if consummated on December 31, 2022. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination, Other Related Events and Other Financing and Reorganization Events as if consummated on January 1, 2022, the beginning of the earliest period presented.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information was derived from and should be read in conjunction with the following historical financial statements and the accompanying notes, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus:

 

•

the historical audited financial statements of JCIC for the year ended December 31, 2022 (as restated);

 

•

the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Legacy Bridger for the year ended December 31, 2022; and

 

•

other information relating to JCIC and Legacy Bridger included in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information should also be read together with the section of this prospectus entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Management has made significant estimates and assumptions in its determination of the pro forma adjustments based on information available as of the date of this prospectus. As the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared based on these preliminary estimates, the final amounts recorded may differ materially from the information presented as additional information becomes available. Management considers this basis of presentation to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not reflect the income tax effects of the pro forma adjustments as any change in the deferred tax balance would be offset by an increase in the valuation allowance given Legacy Bridger incurred significant losses during the historical periods presented.

2. Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet

The adjustments related to the Business Combination and Other Related Events included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:

 

(A)

Reflects the liquidation and reclassification of $2.6 million of investments held in the Trust Account to cash and cash equivalents, after taking account of public shareholder redemptions, that became available for general corporate use by Bridger and the reclassification of 254,357 shares of JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares after redemptions into permanent equity as shares of Common Stock on a one-to-one basis in connection with the Business Combination.

 

57

(B)

Reflects the cash disbursement for the estimated unpaid direct and incremental transaction costs of $19.7 million, including $3.5 million deferred underwriting fees related to the JCIC initial public offering after the waiver by J.P. Morgan Securities upon its resignation, the $6.9 million transaction costs paid by JCIC, of which $6.8 million has been accrued by JCIC as of December 31, 2022, the $4.3 million transaction costs incurred by Legacy Bridger, all of which has been accrued and capitalized by Legacy Bridger as of December 31, 2022, and the $5.0 million transaction costs incurred by Bridger in connection with the Business Combination. The $0.1 million transaction costs to be accrued by JCIC and $0.0 million of the transaction costs to be accrued by Bridger in connection with the Business Combination were reflected as an adjustment to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations to accumulated deficit as described in Note 2 (EE).

 

(C)	Reflects the settlement of the Promissory Note between JCIC and JCIC Sponsor at the Closing with a conversion to Common Stock at $10.00 per share.

 

(D)

Reflects the surrender and exchange of all 315,789.473684 issued and outstanding shares of Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares into 315,789.473684 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the issuance of 39,081,744 shares of Common Stock to the holders of Legacy Bridger Common Shares at the Closing pursuant to the Transaction Agreements to effect the reverse recapitalization. The carrying value of Series A Preferred Stock is based on its maximum redemption value upon the Closing, which does not include an amount calculated from the product of initial issue price multiplied by 0.50 historically included in the carrying value of Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares. The Series A Preferred Stock contains a potential embedded derivative related to a clause which allows for an increase of 2% interest per annum to be accrued by the holders of Series A Preferred Stock in the event of a default under certain financing facilities, including noncompliance with certain financial covenants, during the period from the occurrence of such default until such default is cured or remediated. The fair value of the embedded derivative, if significant, will be recognized as a liability in the consolidated balance sheets with a corresponding expense recorded in the consolidated statements of operations when initially recorded and remeasured to fair value at each balance sheet date in future reporting periods with changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company is refining its fair value estimates of the embedded derivative for the Closing.

 

(E)

Reflects the conversion of 4,318,189 JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares into shares of Common Stock on a one-to-one basis, including donations to charitable organizations of 1,830,000 JCIC Class B Ordinary Shares after taking into account forfeitures of 4,306,811 shares owned by the JCIC Sponsor upon redemptions by JCIC’s public shareholders at the Closing.

 

(F)

Reflects the estimated stock-based compensation expense associated with the vesting of the New Award Grants granted to executives and senior management of Bridger with service and performance vesting conditions. Upon the Closing, the performance vesting condition was deemed to be satisfied and 2,400,354 shares of New Award Grants became fully vested.

 

(G)

Reflects the elimination of JCIC’s historical accumulated deficit after recording the transaction costs incurred by JCIC as described in Note 2 (EE) below with a corresponding adjustment to additional paid-in capital (“APIC”) of Bridger in connection with the reverse recapitalization at the Closing.

Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations

The adjustments related to Other Financing and Reorganization Events included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 were as follows:

 

(AA)	Reflects the elimination of interest expense historically recorded related to the redemptions of the Legacy Bridger Series B Preferred Shares.

 

(BB)	Reflects the interest expense of $10.3 million and amortization of debt issuance fees of $0.6 million related to the issuance of the Series 2022 Bonds.

 

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(CC)	Reflects the elimination of interest expense and debt issuance costs historically recorded related to the extinguishment of the Series 2021 Bond.

 

(DD)	Reflects the elimination of interest expense historically recorded related to the redemptions of Legacy Series A Preferred Shares.

The adjustments related to the Business Combination and Other Related Events included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2022 were as follows:

 

(EE)

Reflects the direct and incremental transaction costs incurred prior to or concurrent with the Closing by Legacy Bridger allocable to the JCIC Warrants, which are liability classified instruments measured at fair value, and by JCIC and Bridger in connection with the Business Combination, including the director and officers insurance expenses of Bridger prepaid by JCIC.

 

(FF)	Reflects the estimated stock-based compensation expense associated with the vesting of the New Award Grants granted to executives and senior management of Bridger with service and performance vesting conditions as the performance condition was deemed to be satisfied.

 

(GG)	Reflects the elimination of the Gain on forgiveness of deferred underwriting fee payable.

 

(HH)	Reflects the elimination of the change in fair value of the Promissory Note between JCIC and JCIC Sponsor settled at the Closing.

 

(II)	Reflects the elimination of investment income related to investments held in the Trust Account.

3. Net Loss per Share

Represents the net loss per share calculated using the pro forma basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding of Common Stock as a result of the pro forma adjustments. As the Business Combination are being reflected as if the reverse recapitalization had occurred on January 1, 2022, the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding for pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share (i) reflects the historical Bridger common stock, as adjusted by the Per Share Common Stock Consideration, outstanding as of the respective issuance date and (ii) assumes that the new shares issuable relating to the Business Combination have been outstanding as of January 1, 2022, the beginning of the earliest period presented. The public shares of JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares redeemed by JCIC’s public shareholders are eliminated as of January 1, 2022.

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders are presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. The Sponsor Earnout Shares are securities that do not contractually entitle the holders of such shares to participate in nonforfeitable dividends and do not contractually obligate the holders of such shares to participate in losses. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations reflects a net loss for the period presented and, accordingly, no loss amounts have been allocated to the Sponsor Earnout Shares. The Sponsor Earnout Shares have also been excluded from basic and diluted pro forma net loss per share attributable to common stockholders as such shares of Common Stock are contingently recallable until the Sponsor Triggering Event have occurred.

 

59

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined per share information has been presented under the two assumed redemption scenarios as follows:

 

(in thousands, except share and per share data)		Year Ended December 31, 2022
Numerator:
Net loss		$	(89,215)
Series A Preferred Stock—adjustment to maximum redemptions value(1)			(49,765)
Series A Preferred Stock—adjustment for deemed dividend upon Closing(2)			(82,074)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	(221,054)
Denominator:
Founder and Bridger Management			29,457,134
BTO Stockholders			9,624,610
Public Shareholders			2,084,357
Sponsor and independent directors of JCIC			2,603,189
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted			43,769,290
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	(5.05)

 

(1)	Following the Closing, the maximum redemptions value of Series A Preferred Stock does not include an amount calculated from the product of initial issue price multiplied by 0.50 historically included in the maximum redemptions value of Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares.

(2)

The Closing triggers a down round conversion feature embedded in the Series A Preferred Stock. The Company expects to recognize the effect of the down round conversion feature as a deemed dividend, increasing the loss available to common stockholders in the computation of net loss per share. The deemed dividend adjustment to the pro forma net loss per share is estimated based on preliminary fair values of the Series A Preferred Stock on an as-converted basis assuming maximum redemptions value at the maturity date of April 25, 2032 at the initial conversion price of $12.929104 per share before the Closing (pursuant to the terms of the Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares) and the conversion price of $11.00 per share 31 days after the Closing (pursuant to the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock). The Company is refining the estimated fair values of the Series A Preferred Stock based on current information available upon the Closing.

Following the Closing, the following outstanding shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of pro forma diluted net loss per share for all the periods and scenarios presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:

 

		Year Ended December 31, 2022
Series A Preferred Stock—If converted (1)			30,421,512
New Award Grants			6,581,496
Public Warrants			17,250,000
Private Placement Warrants			9,400,000

 

(1)	Assumes conversion of Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion price of $11.00 per share.

 

60

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis is intended to help you understand our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. The discussion should be read together with the historical audited annual consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related notes thereto, that are included elsewhere in this prospectus, and our unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information in the section of this prospectus entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information.” In connection with the Business Combination, Legacy Bridger was determined to be the accounting acquirer. The discussion below does not include the results of or give pro forma effect to the consummation of the Business Combination that occurred on January 24, 2023 or the transactions described in the section of this prospectus entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information.”

This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon our current expectations, estimates and projections that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements due to, among other considerations, the matters discussed in the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “Bridger,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and other similar terms refer to the business of Legacy Bridger and its subsidiaries prior to the Business Combination and Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries following the Business Combination.

Business Overview

Bridger provides aerial wildfire surveillance, relief, suppression and aerial firefighting services using next-generation technology and environmentally friendly and sustainable firefighting methods primarily throughout the United States. Our mission is to save lives, property and habitats threatened by wildfires, leveraging our high-quality team, specialized aircraft and innovative use of technology and data. We are meeting an underserved and growing need for next-generation full-service aerial firefighting platforms.

Our portfolio is organized across two core offerings:

 

•

Fire Suppression: Consists of deploying specialized Super Scooper aircraft to drop large amounts of water quickly and directly on wildfires.

 

•

Aerial Surveillance: Consists of providing aerial surveillance for fire suppression aircraft over an incident and providing tactical coordination with the incident commander. Aerial surveillance uses both manned aircraft and unmanned aircraft.

We manage our operations as a single segment for purposes of assessing performance, making operating decisions and allocating resources.

We have made and will continue to make significant investments in capital expenditures to build and expand our aerial forest fire management technologies. We expect that our existing cash and cash equivalents provided by equity and debt financing will be sufficient to meet our current working capital and capital expenditure requirements for a period of at least twelve months from the date of this prospectus.

The Business Combination

On January 24, 2023 we consummated the Business Combination. As a result of the Business Combination, Legacy Bridger and JCIC each became wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company, and the JCIC shareholders and Legacy Bridger Equityholders converted their equity ownership in JCIC and Legacy Bridger, respectively, into equity ownership in the Company. Legacy Bridger has been determined to be the accounting acquirer with respect to the Business Combination, which will be accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded, in accordance with GAAP.

 

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Upon consummation of the Business Combination, the most significant change in Legacy Bridger’s future reported financial position and results of operations was a gross decrease in cash and cash equivalents (as compared to Legacy Bridger’s balance sheet at December 31, 2022), of approximately $17.0 million. Total direct and incremental transaction costs of Bridger, JCIC and Legacy Bridger paid at Closing were approximately $16.6 million and will be treated as a reduction of the cash proceeds and deducted from our additional paid-in capital.

Public Company Costs

We have become the successor to an SEC-registered and Nasdaq-listed company, which has required, and in the future may require, us to hire additional staff and implement procedures and processes to address public company regulatory requirements and customary practices. We have incurred and expect to incur additional annual expenses for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees and additional internal and external accounting, legal and administrative resources and fees.

Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

We are exposed to certain risks inherent to an aerial firefighting business. These risks are further described in the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors”.

Seasonality Due to the North American Fire Season

Our operating results are impacted by seasonality. Climate conditions and other factors that may influence the revenues of our services may vary each season and year. Historically, the demand for our services has been higher in the second and third quarters of each fiscal year due to the timing and duration of the North American fire season. Consequently, revenues, expenses and operating cash flows from our services are generated mostly in the second and third quarters of our fiscal year. However, the seasonal fluctuations in the need to fight wildfires based upon location and the varying intensity of the fire season may lead our operating results to fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year.

Weather Conditions and Climate Trends

Our business is highly dependent on the needs of government agencies to surveil and suppress fires. As such, our financial condition and results of operations are significantly affected by the weather, as well as environmental and other factors affecting climate change, which impact the number and severity of fires in any given period. The intensity and duration of the North American fire season is affected by multiple factors, some of which, according to the Climate Central Article, a nonprofit climate science news organization, are weather patterns including warmer springs and longer summers, lower levels of mountaintop snowpack which lead to drier soils and vegetation and frequency of lightning strikes.¹ Based on the climate change indicators published by the EPA, these factors have shown year over year increases linked to the effects of climate change and the overall trend in increased temperatures. We believe that rising global temperatures have been, and in the future are expected to be, one factor contributing to increasing rates and severity of wildfires. Historically, sales of our services have been higher in the summer season of each fiscal year due to weather patterns which are generally correlated to a higher prevalence of wildfires in North America. Larger wildfires and longer seasons are expected to continue as droughts increase in frequency and duration, according to the EPA Climate Change Indicators Article.²

 

1	Climate Central, Climate Change is Tipping Scales Toward More Wildfires, Jun. 23, 2016 (https://www.climatesignals.org/headlines/climate-change-tipping-scales-toward-more-wildfires) (the “Climate Central Article”).

2	United States Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Change Indicators: Wildfires, last accessed Apr. 4, 2023 (https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-wildfires) (the “EPA Climate Change Indicators Article”).

 

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For example, revenue was lower than the Bridger management team initially anticipated for 2022 due to a less intense wildfire season. In 2022, about 7.6 million acres of U.S. land had burned, according to the 2022 annual report by the NCEI, up 7.6% from the 2001-2020 average for the same period.³ However, the number of wildfires during 2022 was down 3.6% from the 2001-2020 average for the same period. Additionally, according to data from the NIFC, the average national wildland fire preparedness levels per month in 2022 reached a high of Level 4. In the same period in 2021 and 2020, the average national preparedness levels per month reached a high of Level 5.⁴ This decrease in the U.S. national level of fire preparedness in 2022 may be partially attributed to the Western United States, which experienced one of the slowest wildfire seasons in recent years, according to the WSJ Wildfire Season Article, due to increased and timely precipitation and cooler temperatures.⁵

Limited Supply of Specialized Aircraft and Replacement and Maintenance Parts

Our results of operations are dependent on sufficient availability of aircraft, raw materials and supplied components provided by a limited number of suppliers. Our reliance on limited suppliers exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials which may lead to increased costs and delays in operations.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic related to the outbreak of a respiratory illness caused by COVID-19. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in 2020, 2021 and 2022 we experienced delays on the delivery of aircraft. Should such conditions become protracted or worsen or should longer-term budgets or priorities of our clients be impacted, the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Given the dynamic nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and its global consequences, the ultimate impact on our operations, cash flows and financial condition cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. The outbreak of COVID-19 may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors”, such as those related to the market for our securities and cross-border transactions.

Economic and Market Factors

Our operations, supply chain, partners and suppliers have been subject to various global macroeconomic factors. We expect to continue to remain vulnerable to a number of industry-specific and global macroeconomic factors that may cause our actual results of operations to differ from our historical results of operations or current expectations. The factors and trends that we currently believe are or will be most impactful to our results of operations and financial condition include the following: the adverse impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic; the impact on us of significant operational challenges by third parties on which we rely; inflationary pressures; short- and long-term weather patterns; potential labor and supply chain shortages affecting us and our partners; volatile fuel prices; aircraft delivery delays; and changes in general economic conditions in the markets in which we operate.

Historically, our results of operations have not been materially impacted by other factors. We continue to monitor the potential favorable or unfavorable impacts of these and other factors on our business, operations, financial condition and future results of operations, which are dependent on future developments. Our future results of operations may be subject to volatility and our growth plans may be delayed, particularly in the short term, due to the impact of the above factors and trends. For instance, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic directly affected the delivery of our aircraft and the support related to their deployment while on contract. Deployment of two Super Scoopers was delayed in 2020 as a result of the FAA’s transition to a work-from-home

 

3	NCEI, Monthly Wildfires Report for Annual 2022, last accessed Apr. 4, 2023 (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/fire/202213).

4	NIFC, Fire Information, last accessed Apr. 4, 2023 (https://www.nifc.gov/fire-information#current-levels).

5	J. Carlson, Wildfire Season in U.S. West Ends with Fewer Blazes, Less Damage, Wall Street Journal, Nov. 17, 2022 (https://www.wsj.com/articles/wildfire-season-in-u-s-west-ends-with-fewer-blazes-less-damage-11668691872) (“WSJ Wildfire Season Article”).

 

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environment and a reduction in its ability to process carding and registration matters; two other Super Scoopers were delayed as a result of modified manufacturing procedures at the OEM in response to COVID-19 that increased production time, which we understood was compounded by the OEM’s delays in receiving certain parts and components; and prior production delays pushed completion and delivery of another two Super Scoopers later in 2022 and early 2023 than we had previously anticipated receiving them. However, we believe that our long-term outlook remains positive due to the increasing demand for our services and our ability to meet those demands consistently, despite adverse market factors. We believe that this expected long-term increase in demand will offset increased costs and that the operational challenges we may experience in the near term can be managed in a manner that will allow us to support increased demand, though we cannot provide any assurances.

Under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) established by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), on April 16, 2020, a Company SBA loan application was approved, and we received loan proceeds in the amount of $0.8 million. The loan was forgiven in 2021.

Key Components of Our Results of Operations

Revenue

Our primary source of revenue is from providing services, which are disaggregated into fire suppression, aerial surveillance and other services. Revenue and growth for our fire suppression and aerial surveillance services is driven by climate trends, specifically the intensity and timing of the North American fire season. Other services primarily consist of extraneous fulfillment of contractual services such as extended availability and mobilizations. Other services also include maintenance services performed externally for third parties.

We charge daily and hourly rates depending upon the type of firefighting service rendered and under which contract the services are performed. The recognition of revenue for our services are primarily split into flight, standby and other revenues. Flight revenue is primarily earned at an hourly rate when the engines of the aircraft are cycled, upon request of the customer. Standby revenue is primarily earned as a daily rate when aircraft are available for use at a fire base, awaiting request from the customer for flight deployment. Other revenue consists of additional contractual items that can be charged to the customer, such as leasing revenues for facilities, as well as maintenance and repair on externally owned aircraft.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues includes costs incurred directly related to flight operations including expenses associated with operating the aircraft on revenue generating contracts. These include labor, depreciation, subscriptions and fees, travel and fuel. Cost of revenues also includes maintenance expenses for our aircraft including costs of routine maintenance expenses and repairs. This consists of labor, parts, consumables, travel and subscriptions unique to each airframe.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expenses include all costs that are not directly related to satisfaction of customer contracts. Selling, general and administrative expenses include costs for our administrative functions, such as finance, legal, human resources, IT support and business development costs that include contract procurement, public relations and business opportunity advancement. These functions include costs for items such as salaries and benefits and other personnel-related costs, maintenance and supplies, professional fees for external legal, accounting, and other consulting services, insurance, intangible asset amortization and depreciation expense. Selling, general and administrative expenses also contain any gain or loss on the disposal of fixed assets.

Interest Expense

Interest expense consists of interest expense related to our loan agreements, liability classified Legacy Bridger Series B Preferred Shares (all of the issued and outstanding shares of which have been fully redeemed as

 

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of December 31, 2022), and interest rate swaps agreements. Interest expense also includes amortization of debt issuance costs associated with our loan agreements. Refer to discussion of our loan commitments further below under the section of this prospectus entitled “ —Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness.”

Other Income

Other income consists of interest income, forgiveness of loan from the PPP established by the CARES Act and loss on debt extinguishment. This also includes the reimbursement from an insurance claim against a damaged asset.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2022 to the Year Ended December 31, 2021

The following table sets forth our consolidated statement of operations information for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and should be reviewed in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

(All amounts in U.S. dollars)		Year Ended December 31, 2022				Year Ended December 31, 2021				Period Over Period Change ($)				Period Over Period Change (%)
Total revenues		$	46,387,963			$	39,384,182			$	7,003,781				18	%
Cost of revenues:
Flight operations			18,762,172				15,823,713				2,938,459				19	%
Maintenance			15,123,806				10,755,471				4,368,335				41	%
Total cost of revenues			33,885,978				26,579,184				7,306,794				27	%
Gross profit			12,501,985				12,804,998				(303,013	)			(2	)%
Selling, general and administrative expense			35,128,322				11,215,027				23,913,295				213	%
Operating (loss) income			(22,626,337	)			1,589,971				(24,216,308	)			(1,523	)%
Interest expense			(20,017,177	)			(9,293,928	)			(10,723,249	)			115	%
Other income			521,555				1,163,160				(641,605	)			(55	)%
Net loss		$	(42,121,959	)		$	(6,540,797	)		$	(35,581,162	)			544	%

 

(All amounts in U.S. dollars)		Year Ended December 31, 2022				Year Ended December 31, 2021
Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares adjustment to maximum value			(200,505,236	)			—
Legacy Bridger Series A Preferred Shares adjustment for redemption, extinguishment and accrued interest			(85,663,336	)			(15,913,184	)
Net loss attributable to common shareholders – basic and diluted			(328,290,531	)			(22,453,981	)
Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders – basic and diluted			(8.15	)			(0.56	)

Revenue

Revenue increased by $7.0 million, or 18%, to $46.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $39.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

 

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The following table shows revenues by service offering for each period.

 

(All amounts in U.S. dollars)		Year Ended December 31, 2022				Year Ended December 31, 2021				Period Over Period Change ($)				Period Over Period Change (%)
Fire suppression		$	38,845,227			$	30,442,001			$	8,403,226				28	%
Aerial surveillance			7,215,997				8,632,535				(1,416,538	)			(16	)%
Other services			326,739				309,646				17,093				6	%
Total revenues		$	46,387,963			$	39,384,182			$	7,003,781				18	%

Fire suppression revenue increased by $8.4 million, or 28%, to $38.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $30.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the addition of two additional Super Scooper aircraft placed into service during the year ended December 31, 2022, which was partially offset by a decrease in revenue attributable to existing Super Scooper aircraft as a result of the decreased number of fires with high-incident levels in 2022 compared to 2021. The increase in fire suppression revenue accounted for 120% of the total increase in revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Aerial surveillance revenue decreased by $1.4 million, or 16%, to $7.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $8.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by the decreased number of fires with high-incident levels in 2022 compared to 2021.

Other services revenue decreased 6%, to $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The slight decrease was primarily driven by decreased maintenance services.

The following table shows revenues by revenue type for each period.

 

(All amounts in U.S. dollars)		Year Ended December 31, 2022				Year Ended December 31, 2021				Period Over Period Change ($)				Period Over Period Change (%)
Flight revenue		$	25,105,027			$	20,377,442			$	4,727,585				23	%
Standby revenue			20,772,018				18,550,067				2,221,951				12	%
Other revenue			510,918				456,673				54,245				12	%
Total revenues		$	46,387,963			$	39,384,182			$	7,003,781				18	%

Flight revenue increased by $4.7 million, or 23%, to $25.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $20.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the increased number of Super Scooper aircraft flying on deployment.

Standby revenue increased by $2.2 million, or 12%, to $20.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the increased number of Super Scooper aircraft available for deployment.

Other revenue increased by $0.1 million, or 12%, to $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by additional contractual items charged to the customer with an increased number of Super Scooper aircraft on deployment.

 

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Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues increased by $7.3 million, or 27%, to $33.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $26.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, due to the following drivers:

Flight Operations

Flight operations expenses increased by $2.9 million, or 19%, to $18.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $15.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was partially attributable to higher depreciation of $1.4 million and subscription, licenses and fees expenses of $0.2 million primarily as a result of two additional Super Scooper aircraft placed into service in 2022. The increase was also partially due to higher personnel and travel expenses of $1.5 million mostly attributable to increased travel and the number of personnel required for a full season of flight deployment. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in aircraft leasing expenses due to a lower utilization of leased aircraft.

Maintenance

Maintenance expenses increased by $4.4 million, or 41%, to $15.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $10.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was partially driven by higher subscriptions, licenses and fees of $1.5 million mostly attributable to the additional two Super Scooper aircraft placed into service in 2022. The increase was also partially attributable to higher personnel and travel expenses of $1.7 million due to increased travel and the number of personnel required for a full season of flight deployment. The increase was also partially driven by an increase in aircraft maintenance of $0.7 million in 2022.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expense increased by $23.9 million, or 213%, to $35.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $11.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was partially driven by higher personnel expenses of $16.5 million which included $10.1 million of transaction related bonuses for employees and executives in connection with the issuance of the Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares, issuance of the Series 2022 Bonds, execution of the Transaction Agreements and initial filing of the proxy statement/prospectus prepared in connection with the Business Combination. The increase was also partially driven by higher professional services of $5.3 million associated primarily with third-party consultants and auditors’ fees to support the growth of the business and preparation of becoming a public company upon the consummation of the Business Combination, as well as advertising and public relation services. The increase was also partially attributable to the loss on disposal of two aging aircraft and other rotables of $1.8 million.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $10.7 million, or 115%, to $20.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $9.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the additional interest expense for Legacy Bridger Series A Preferred Shares of $3.9 million, decrease in interest expense for Legacy Bridger Series B Preferred Shares of $2.8 million and the additional interest expense for the Series 2022 Bonds of $7.8 million Refer to discussion of our loan commitments further below under the section of this prospectus entitled “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness.”

Other Income

Other income decreased by $0.6 million, or 55%, to $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, from $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease was driven by the loss on extinguishment of Series 2021 Bond of $0.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, versus a gain on the forgiveness of our PPP debt of $0.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2021.

 

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Although we believe that net income or loss, as determined in accordance with GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measure, we use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as key profitability measures to assess the performance of our business. We believe these measures help illustrate underlying trends in our business and use the measures to establish budgets and operational goals, and communicate internally and externally, for managing our business and evaluating its performance. We also believe these measures help investors compare our operating performance with its results in prior periods in a way that is consistent with how management evaluates such performance.

Each of the profitability measures described below are not recognized under GAAP and do not purport to be an alternative to net income or loss determined in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance. Such measures have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider any of such measures in isolation or as substitutes for our results as reported under GAAP. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA exclude items that can have a significant effect on our profit or loss and should, therefore, be used only in conjunction with our GAAP profit or loss for the period. Our management compensates for the limitations of using non-GAAP financial measures by using them to supplement GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting the business than GAAP results alone. Because not all companies use identical calculations, these measures may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

EBITDA is a non-GAAP profitability measure that represents net income or loss for the period before the impact of the interest expense, income tax expense (benefit) and depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. EBITDA eliminates potential differences in performance caused by variations in capital structures (affecting financing expenses), the cost and age of tangible assets (affecting relative depreciation expense) and the extent to which intangible assets are identifiable (affecting relative amortization expense).

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP profitability measure that represents EBITDA before certain items that are considered to hinder comparison of the performance of our businesses on a period-over-period basis or with other businesses. During the periods presented, we exclude from Adjusted EBITDA losses on disposals of assets and legal fees related to financing transactions, which include costs that are required to be expensed in accordance with GAAP. In addition, we exclude from Adjusted EBITDA certain nonrecurring items that we do not consider indicative of our ongoing performance, such as the one-time discretionary bonus payments made to certain employees and executives in connection with the issuance of the Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares, issuance of the Series 2022 Bonds, the execution of the Transaction Agreements and initial filing of the proxy statement/prospectus prepared in connection with the Business Combination, loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, and stock-based compensation. Our management believes that the inclusion of supplementary adjustments to EBITDA applied in presenting Adjusted EBITDA are appropriate to provide additional information to investors about certain material non-cash items and about unusual items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future.

 

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The following table reconciles net loss, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

		Year Ended December 31, 2022				Year Ended December 31, 2021				Period Over Period Change ($)				Period Over Period Change (%)
Net loss		$	(42,121,959	)		$	(6,540,797	)		$	(35,581,162	)			544	%
Depreciation and amortization			9,091,219				6,673,685				2,417,534				36	%
Interest expense			20,017,177				9,293,928				10,723,249				115	%
EBITDA			(13,013,563	)			9,426,816				(22,440,379	)			(238	)%
Loss on disposals(i)			1,769,732				995,528				774,204				78	%
Legal Fees(ii)			—				110,000				(110,000	)			(100	)%
Offering costs(iii)			2,961,643				—				2,961,643				—
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt(iv)			844,925				(774,300	)			1,619,225				(209	)%
Discretionary bonuses to employees and executives(v)			10,136,530				—				10,136,530				—
Stock-based compensation(vi)			9,224				—				9,224				—
Business development(vii)			953,994				—				953,994				—
Adjusted EBITDA		$	3,662,485			$	9,758,044			$	(6,095,559	)			(62	)%
Net loss margin(viii)			(91	)%			(17	)%
Adjusted EBITDA margin(viii)			8	%			25	%

 

(i)	Represented loss on the disposal or obsolescence of aging aircraft.

(ii)	Represents one-time costs associated with legal fees for infrequent or unusual transactions that were not capitalizable per GAAP.

(iii)

Represents one-time professional service fees related to the preparation for the Business Combination that have been expensed during the period.

(iv)	Represents loss on extinguishment of debt related to the Series 2021 Bond and forgiveness of the PPP loan.

(v)

Represents one-time discretionary bonuses to certain employees and executives of Bridger in connection with the issuance of the Legacy Bridger Series C Preferred Shares, issuance of the Series 2022 Bonds, execution of the Transaction Agreements and initial filing of the proxy statement/ prospectus prepared in connection with the Business Combination.

(vi)	Represents stock-based compensation expense recognized of the incentive units granted to selected board members and executives.

(vii)

Represents expenses related to potential acquisition targets and additional business lines.

(viii)

Net loss margin represents Net loss divided by Total revenue and Adjusted EBITDA margin represents Adjusted EBITDA divided by Total revenue.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash and Marketable Securities

As of December 31, 2022, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and cash equivalents of $30.2 million which were held for working capital purposes and restricted cash of $12.3 million. The restricted cash was procured through a county bond and is accessed for financing capital projects. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $55.0 million of investments in debt securities classified as available-for-sale with short-term maturities of less than one year and carried at fair value. The Company’s available-for-sale securities investment portfolio is primarily invested in highly rated securities, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss.

In connection with the Business Combination, stockholders owning 34,245,643 shares of JCIC Class A Ordinary Shares exercised their rights to have those shares redeemed for cash at a redemption price of

 

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